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First Aid

First Aid. Check Call Care. Shock. Life threatening condition in which the body’s vital functions are threatened due to lack of blood flow or oxygen to body tissue. Symptoms: nausea, cool moist skin, rapid breathing and pulse, restlessness, unresponsive or unconsciousness.

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First Aid

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  1. First Aid Check Call Care

  2. Shock • Life threatening condition in which the body’s vital functions are threatened due to lack of blood flow or oxygen to body tissue. • Symptoms: nausea, cool moist skin, rapid breathing and pulse, restlessness, unresponsive or unconsciousness. • Call for help, elevate legs about 12 inches, control external bleeding, monitor vital signs, attempt to warm or cool victim if shock is due to temperature extremes.

  3. Choking • If victim is coughing, encourage them to continue • If choking continues ask if you can help • Start with 5 back blows, if object is not removed perform 5 abdominal thrusts. • Continue this cycle until the victim becomes unconscious • If unconscious, start chest compressions

  4. Open/Closed Fractures • If possible, do not move the victim • Place appropriate splint (anatomic, soft, or rigid) • Splint above and below injury sight • If the fracture is open, elevate the limb and cover exposed bone with moist damp cloth

  5. Bleeding • Wear rubber gloves. • If wound is minor wash with soap and water. • Cover wound with clean gauze or cloth and apply firm pressure. • If possible elevate wound above heart.

  6. Bleeding • Continue to add bandages or cloth as blood soaks through. • If necessary cover dressing with pressure bandage. • Use pressure points or tourniquet if bleeding can not be stopped.

  7. Hyperthermia • Pale clammy skin, heavy sweating, dizziness, headache, nausea, vomiting, muscle cramps, fainting. • Move victim to shade or cooler area • Loosen clothing • Apply wet towels or ice packs wrapped in cloth • Give sips of cool water ( ½ cup every 15 minutes • Call EMS if condition does not improve within 30 minutes

  8. Heat Stroke • Temp. over 106, hot dry skin, constricted pupils, pulse over 100 BPM, confusion, unconsciousness • Call for help • Remove heavy clothing • Have victim lie down • Wrap in cool wet towels

  9. Hypothermia • Cool skin, shivering, numbness, slurred speech, change in level of consciousness • Move victim to warmer area, call EMS if unconscious • Remove any wet clothing • Wrap in dry blankets • Give warm drink if conscious • If victim does not improve within a few minutes call for help

  10. Frost Bite • Handle Gently • Remove tight clothing • Cover affected tissue (tissues need to be gently warmed, so the ice crystals will slowly melt) • Soak the injured part in comfortably warm water, not hot water • Loosely bandage area with gauze • Seek medical help

  11. Poison ALWAYS CALL FOR EMERGENCY HELP 911 • INGESTED • Determine what was swallowed • Call Poison Control and follow directions • Syrup of ipecac or activated charcoal should be available incase needed.

  12. Poison • INHALED • Quickly get the person to fresh air • Monitor Vital Signs • Call Poison Control and follow directions

  13. Poison • SKIN • Remove contaminated clothing • Rinse skin with water for 15 minutes • Call Poison Control and follow directions

  14. Poison • EYE • Flush eye with warm water for 15 minutes • Have victim blink while flushing eye • Call Poison Control and follow directions

  15. 1st Degree Burns • 1st degree burns only the top layer of skin. • Skin appears red and will feel hot. • Treatment: Apply cool water for 10 min. • Applying a cold wet towel will help reduce pain.

  16. 2nd Degree Burns • 2nd degree burns several top layers of skin. • Skin will have blisters and appear blotchy • Treatment:Apply cool water for 10 min. and elevate the burn. (If burn covers a large area do not apply water) • Wrap area with dry bandage. Do not pop blisters.

  17. 3rd Degree Burns • Serious burn in which deep layers of skin, and possibly fat, muscle, nerves, and bone are damaged. • Elevate burned area if possible • Cool burned area with cold water only if it is still burning. • Wrap area with dry clean gauze or cloth. • Treat for shock

  18. Animal Bites • Report animal bites to your local authorities. Treatment: -Wash bite area with soap and warm water for 5 minutes. -Apply direct pressure to stop bleeding -If wound swells apply ice for 10 minutes -Cover wound with clean dressing and bandage

  19. Snake Bite • Call for emergency help • Keep victim calm and immobilized • If you are the victim move slowly and as little as possible to get help. • Try to get a good look at the snake and call poison control to determine if the snake was poisonous.

  20. Bites and Stings • Move to a safe area to avoid further harm • Remove stinger by scraping it off • Wash area with soap and water and apply ice • Apply hydrocortisone cream, calamine lotion or baking soda paste to area several times a day until pain is gone • If victim has a severe reaction or has trouble breathing seek professional help

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