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Cell Membrane Transport Processes Explained: Crash Course Biology

This video explains the function of the cell membrane, covering passive and active transport processes such as diffusion, osmosis, facilitated diffusion, and molecular pumps. It details how different solutions affect cells and the movement of materials across the membrane. Learn about endocytosis and exocytosis for transporting large molecules in and out of cells. Watch to understand the vital role of the membrane in regulating what enters and leaves a cell effectively.

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Cell Membrane Transport Processes Explained: Crash Course Biology

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  1. Cells In Da Club - Membranes & Transport: Crash Course Biology #5 (11:14)

  2. The Cell Membrane • Aka Plasma Membrane • Controls what enters and leaves the cell • Phospholipid Bilayer

  3. Passive and Active Transport • No energy required • Material moves against the concentration gradient • Material is too large to pass through plasma membrane • Energy required • Material moves down the concentration gradient

  4. Diffusion Diffusion is the movement of particles from high to low concentration

  5. Osmosis Osmosis – Diffusion of water across the cell membrane W W W W S S S S W W S W W W W S W W W W W W S S W W S W W W W W W Concentration of the WATER!!!!! Isotonic – Equilibrium reached Hypertonic – Less water, more solute Hypotonic – More water, less solute

  6. Isotonic solutions Hypertonic solution Hypotonic solution Figure 5.13-2 Osmosis Sugar molecule Selectively permeable membrane Osmosis

  7. Animal cell H2O H2O H2O H2O Figure 5.14 Normal Lysing Shriveled Plasma membrane Plant cell H2O H2O H2O H2O Flaccid (wilts) Turgid (normal) Shriveled (a) Isotonic solution (b) Hypotonic solution (c) Hypertonic solution

  8. Facilitated Diffusion Diffusion through carrier proteins • Specialized doors/windows through the plasma membrane • Primarily for molecules like sugar too large to pass through the plasma membrane • Only allow specific material through

  9. Molecular Pump Lower solute concentration Pumps material across the plasma membrane • Moves material “up” the concentration gradient • Moves material through specific carrier proteins • Requires energy to “pump” Solute ATP Higher solute concentration

  10. Endo- & Exo- cytosis Endocytosis accepts material into the cell via transport vesicles Exocytosisdischarges material from the cell via transport vesicles Movement of very large molecules http://www.psc.edu/science/2007/bardomain/images/endocytosis.jpg http://www.college-cram.com/study/biology/files/-1/113/exocytosis.gif

  11. MEMBRANE TRANSPORT Passive Transport (requires no energy) Active Transport (requires energy) Figure 5.UN03 Diffusion Facilitated diffusion Osmosis Higher solute concentration Higher solute concentration Higher water concentration (lower solute concentration) Solute Solute Solute Water Solute ATP Lower solute concentration Lower water concentration (higher solute concentration) Lower solute concentration

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