LHC – The Beginnings - The Story of the1964 Guralnik–Hagen–Kibble Paper

1. Phys. Rev. Letters 13, 585–7 LHC – The Beginnings -The Story of the1964Guralnik–Hagen–Kibble Paper Brown University - Celebration of Sakurai Prize May 5 2010, G.S. Guralnik Note: Some slides from talks given by C.R. Hagen or T.W.B Kibble

2. But first – A few pictures and words about Now

3. “Gang of Five” Sakurai 2010

4. The preceding picture was taken at the APS April meeting - held in February right after the big snow storm. Unfortunately Peter Higgs Could not make the Ceremony.

7. Multi-media commentary on the LHC and the Standard Model The following clip is from “Angels & Demons” COLUMBIA PICTURES 2009

9. While Vittoria does not think it matters what the particle is called, Commander Olivetti does! Respectfully, the “Gang of Five” also thinks a name change is in order

10. In his talk at the “April Meeting Robert Roser introduced a new name for the “God Particle” a.k.a. “Higgs Boson” http://apps3.aps.org/aps/meetings/april10/roser.pdf The BEHHGK particle pronounced Beck particle This reflects all honored by the 2010 Sakurai prize and the order the papers appeared in the same volume of PRL

11. It might stick Dept. of Physics & AstronomyRochester, NY 14627-0171May 3 – May 7, 2010Seminar & Colloquium Calendar(For more information on other seminars & events log on to: http://www.pas.rochester.edu/urpas/) ==================================================================================Date:               Wednesday, May 5, 2010  Event:             Physics & Astronomy ColloquiumSpeaker:         Dr. Benjamin Kilminster, Fermi National Accelerator LaboratoryTitle:               Tevatron searches for the BEHHGK bosonTea:                3:30 pm, Bausch & Lomb Lobby Talk:               3:45 pm, Bausch & Lomb 106================================================================================== We will use it here - BEHHGK

12. But now we go back ½ a century! I start at Imperial college London

13. • Abdus Salam set up his group at Imperial College in 1956 •Kibblejoined in 1959

14. • Salam was already very interested in a unified description of particle interactions – and believed the answer lay in gauge theories • Yang-Mills theory (1954) was also proposed by Ronald Shaw, student of Salam’s – but only published as a Cambridge Univ. PhD thesis (1955)‏

15. But: Goldstone theorem :– spontaneous breaking of a continuous symmetry in relativistic theory ⇒ massless Nambu-Goldstone bosons, Was a seemingly insurmountable obstacle to unification Of Weak- Electromagnetic unification. Salam and Ward Made various attempts to do this. Proof (1962) by Goldstone, Salam and Weinberg (on sabbatical)‏

16. Meanwhile at Harvard and MIT Thoughtful young May, Guralnik and HagenNext to the Cambridge Electron Accelerator(About 1961)

17. Now I specifically examine the history and physics of GHK Total.pdf

18. Now I specifically examine the history and physics of GHK Part one

19. History and physics of GHK Part two

20. History and physics of GHK Part three