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Principles of Design

Principles of Design. By Theresa Liess-Hassinger. The Principles of Design. Guide artists in arranging compositions that are either 2-D or 3-D. 7 prinicples include balance, emphasis, proportion, rhythm, pattern, unity and variety.

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Principles of Design

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  1. Principles of Design By Theresa Liess-Hassinger

  2. The Principles of Design • Guide artists in arranging compositions that are either 2-D or 3-D. • 7 prinicples include balance, emphasis, proportion, rhythm, pattern, unity and variety. • The principles of design provide a common vocabulary for talking about art.

  3. BALANCE • Balance in an artwork is successful when the art elements are arranged to give the viewer the appearance of overall equality or stability to an artwork. • There are 3 kinds of balance-symmetical, asymmetrical and radial balance.

  4. Balance

  5. Symmetrical Balance

  6. Symmetrical balance • Also called formal balance • The 2 halves of the picture or object mirror each other on a line of symmetry.

  7. Asymmetrical balance • The application of equal visual weight • Does one side of the picture overpower the other? • The 2 sides of the artwork are NOT the same yet they appear nearly equal. • Also known as informal balance.

  8. Asymmetrical Balance

  9. Radial Balance • In radial balance, elements seem to spread out from a center point, like a Ferris Wheel, a clock, or a starfish.

  10. How can balance in an artwork reflect mood? • Symmetrical balance = stability

  11. Balance & Mood • Asymmetrical balance = tension/ instability.

  12. Balance & Mood • Radial balance = Creates a spinning sensation or a sense of time passing.

  13. EMPHASIS • Emphasis in art refers to the idea that one part of the picture or form is more important than another.

  14. PROPORTION • Proportion refers to the way objects or parts of a picture/sculpture relate to each other in size.

  15. HUMAN BODY • Often artists, like Leonardo da Vinci use the human body as a kind of standard proportion. • We say that a human figure is about 7.5 ‘heads tall’. Each length measures the length of the head. • Altered proportion means that the artist has changed the relative size relationships of objects to make a statement.

  16. Altered proportion

  17. RHYTHM • Uses repeated elements to express a sense of visual or actual movement.

  18. 3 KINDS OF RHYTHM • Regular Rhythm = repeating the same element ………… • Alternating Rhythm = repeating two elements in an alternating sequence like this: . - . - . - . – • Progressive rhythm = a repeated element is changed in progression.

  19. Regular Rhythm

  20. Alternating Rhythm

  21. Progressive Rhythm

  22. PATTERN • The regular repetition of an art element.

  23. UNITY • A sense of wholeness or belonging together. • Unity within a composition can be achieved in many ways by repetition of a line, color or shape. • Another way is to use related colors.

  24. Unity

  25. Unity

  26. Unity

  27. Unity

  28. VARIETY • Variety means the combination of art elements that make a picture/ sculpture lively or interesting.

  29. Variety

  30. Variety

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