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Mastering Design Principles: Balance, Repetition, Movement, Emphasis, Variety, Contrast, Unity

Learn the essential principles of design, including balance types (symmetrical, asymmetrical, radial), repetition, movement and rhythm, emphasis and focal points, variety, contrast, and unity. Explore famous works exemplifying these principles.

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Mastering Design Principles: Balance, Repetition, Movement, Emphasis, Variety, Contrast, Unity

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  1. PRINCIPLES of DESIGN

  2. BALANCE • BALANCE assumes that an equilibrium exists among the elements in a composition. • There are 3 types of BALANCE: • symmetrical (formal) • asymmetrical (informal) • radial (circular).

  3. SYMMETRICAL -evenly weighted by the same elements on both sides. Benoit Paille, 2008.

  4. ASYMMETRICAL- each side is different but equally weighted. Gandi. Margaret Bourke-White, 1946

  5. Asymmetrical balance Hyeres, France, 1932 Henri Cartier Bresson

  6. RADIAL / CIRCULAR. – image is balanced around a centre point

  7. REPETITION REPETITION is found when an element (line, shape, colour, texture, value/tone, space), occurs more than once in the composition. Construction Workers Lunching on Crossbeam. Charles C. Ebbets, 1932.

  8. Movement & Rhythm • Involves the repetition of identical or nearly similar elements to create a sensation of movement. • Various types of rhythm include simple, alternating and progressive. Beatles Pillow Fight. Harry Benson, 1964.

  9. EMPHASIS & FOCAL POINT • EMPHASIS can be created through: contrast (size, colour, shape), isolation, placement. • The focal point can be found anywhere within a composition. From The Back Window 291, Alfred Steiglitz , 1915

  10. VARIETY VARIETY is necessary to keep your unified design from creating visual boredom. Shapes may be repeated, but perhaps in different sizes; colours could vary slightly in value. Vogue Italia (December 2007) Steven Meisel.

  11. CONTRAST CONTRAST emphasizes differences between elements (long / short lines, black / white, light / dark, smooth / rough, near / far, big / small). Dovima with Elephants. Richard Avedon, 1955

  12. UNITY & Harmony is created by using elements (colour, shapes etc.) that look as though they belong together. Madonna, Louise Vuitton. Steven Meisel,2008.

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