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Spain rose to prominence through successful colonization, especially in the Americas, under rulers like Ferdinand, Isabella, and Charles I. They amassed enormous wealth from colonies, primarily in gold and silver. However, challenges arose as Philip II faced revolts in the Netherlands and conflicts with England, culminating in the defeat of the Spanish Armada in 1588. This loss marked a pivotal shift in naval strategy and signaled the decline of Spain's dominance, altering the balance of power in Europe and leading to the gradual erosion of Spanish imperial strength.
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Quaestio: How did Spain lose the power it had gained through colonization?Nunc Agenda: Answer the questions on your sheet using the infographic on page 506
Spain Review • _________ and ________ completed the conquest of Spain from the ________ and began the Spanish _____________ • Also financed the voyage of ___________ • Spain gained many ____________ in the Americas which brought enormous amounts of _____ and ______ into Spain
Spain Review • Ferdinand and Isabella completed the conquest of Spain from the Muslims and began the Spanish Inquisition • Also financed the voyage of ___________ • Spain gained many ____________ in the Americas which brought enormous amounts of _____ and ______ into Spain
Spain Review • Ferdinand and Isabella completed the conquest of Spain from the Muslims and began the Spanish Inquisition • Also financed the voyage of Columbus • Spain gained many ____________ in the Americas which brought enormous amounts of _____ and ______ into Spain
Spain Review • Ferdinand and Isabella completed the conquest of Spain from the Muslims and began the Spanish Inquisition • Also financed the voyage of Columbus • Spain gained many colonies in the Americas which brought enormous amounts of gold and silver into Spain
Charles I… or Charles V • Grandparents were Ferdinand and Isabella, Duchess of Burgundy, and HAPSBURG Holy Roman Emperor • Became ruler of Spain (and all its colonies), Southern Italy, the Netherlands, and the Holy Roman Empire • Fought against Protestantism in the German states, and fought Sultan Suleiman and the Ottomans • Oversaw the Spanish colonization of the Americas
Transfer of Power • Too much responsibility for Charles • Gave HRE to his brother Ferdinand • Gave Spain and the rest to his son Philip II, who became an Absolute Monarch (ruler with with complete control over government and people) claiming Divine Right (right to rule from God)
Defender of the Church • Supported the Catholic Reformation and fought against Protestantism with Inquisition • 1571- Defeated the Ottomans in the Mediterranean • Protestants in the Netherlands revolted against rule by Philip II • Queen Elizabeth of England supported the Dutch, became enemy of Philip II • She encouraged English sea captains to rob Spanish ships and raid Spanish colonies in the Americas
Spanish Armada • Spain confidently assembled a 130-ship fleet, the Spanish Armada, to invade England • England’s lighter, faster ships, superior cannons, and “flaming ship” strategy gave them victory over Spain • Spain’s defeat marked a change in naval warfare, from the old board and fight style to the new long-range weapon style
