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Respiratory System Essentials: Functions, Organs, and Disorders

Explore the functions of the respiratory system, learn about the thorax, alveoli, lung anatomy, muscle function, volumes, capacities, speech breathing, developmental changes, and measurement tools. Discover common respiratory diseases and their impact.

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Respiratory System Essentials: Functions, Organs, and Disorders

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  1. Respiratory SystemChapter 7 Perry C. Hanavan, Au.D.

  2. Question What is the function the respiratory system? • Absorb moisture • Breathing • Speech • All the above • B and C

  3. Function • Life support • Exchange CO2 with O2 • Speech • Energy source

  4. Question What is the thorax? • Mouth • Lungs • Chest • Abdomen • Throat

  5. Question What is the function of the alveoli? • Exchange N2 with O2 • Exchange CO2 with O2 • Exchange CO2 with H20 • Exchange N2 with H2O2 • None of these make sense?

  6. Question Which lung do you think might be larger? • Right • Left • Neither • Does it matter

  7. Question What is the major muscle of respiration? • Internal intercostals • External intercostals • Neck muscles • Diaphragm • Internal respiratory muscle

  8. Basic Components • Thoracic cavity • Rib cage • Spinal column • Neck • Muscles • Pharynx • Larynx • Abdomen • Muscles • Viscera

  9. Spinal Column • Spinal Column • Abnormal column

  10. Thorax • Gross Anatomy • X-ray of thorax • Pleura • Breathing animations • Respiratory muscles

  11. Lungs • Gross Anatomy • Alveoli • Alveoli Air Pressure • Lung Model • Breathing

  12. Healthy vs. Unhealthy Lungs

  13. Spirometer

  14. Question Can you exhale all the air in your lungs? True False

  15. Lung Volumes & Capacities Lung Volumes: • TV • IRV • ERV • RV Lung Capacities: • VC • FRC • TLC

  16. Question The air you normally breath in and out is: • VC • TV • IRV • TLC

  17. Question All the air in you lungs is: • VC • TV • IRV • TLC

  18. Lung Volumes and Vital Capacity

  19. Speech Breathing • More complex than quiet breathing • Coordination of breathing with linguistic utterances • Appropriate place to inhale • Appropriate amount of air to inhale & exhale • Prosodic variations

  20. Question Average number of breaths per minute in an adult: • 40-60 • 20-40 • 12-18 • 1-12 • More than 60

  21. Lung Developmental Changes

  22. Lung Developmental Changes

  23. Lung Developmental Changes

  24. Life Nose Inhale 40% of time Exhale 60% of time 10 % of vital capacity Muscles of thorax and diaphragm Speech Mouth Inhale 10% of time Exhale 90% of time 20-25 % of vital capacity Thoracic and abdominal muscles Life vs. Speech Breathing exhale inhale exhale in

  25. In speech breathing we inhale: • 10 percent of the time • 40 percent of the time • 60 percent of the time • 90 percent of the time • 50 percent of the time

  26. In life breathing we exhale: • 10 percent of the time • 60 percent of the time • 40 percent of the time • 90 percent of the time • 50 percent of the time

  27. Patterns

  28. Measurement Devices • Pneumatochograph used to measure airflow • Plethysmograph suit monitors the movements of both the abdomen and ribcage • Magnetometer is two coils of wire which generate an electromagnetic field

  29. Diseases • Parkinson's disease • Cerebellar disease • Cerebral palsy • Mechanical ventilation • Voice problems • Hearing problems

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