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“Gilded” or Industrial Age

“Gilded” or Industrial Age. How were the following changing? Businesses Home Economy Standard of Living Immigration Technology Environment Workplace. ` Reform in America 1890-1920. The Progressive Era. Populist Party, 1892.

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“Gilded” or Industrial Age

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  1. “Gilded” or Industrial Age How were the following changing? • Businesses • Home • Economy • Standard of Living • Immigration • Technology • Environment • Workplace

  2. `Reform in America 1890-1920 The Progressive Era

  3. Populist Party, 1892 • Political party formed by the Grange & Farmers’ Alliances • Wanted: • To reduce debt of farmers • Increase power • Money backed by silver & gold to increase money supply • Secret ballot • Direct election of U.S. senators • 8 hr. workday *Party soon disappears, but show poor can influence government.

  4. 4 Goals of Progressivism • Promote social welfare by bettering working conditions • Moral improvement through religion & prohibition of alcohol • Economic reform by limiting power of corporations • Increase efficiency in workplace using science

  5. Muckrakers • Journalists that exposed corruption in society through magazines such as McClure’s Magazine, Reader’s Digest, & Time. Ex. • Ida Tarbell • Jacob Riis • Upton Sinclair

  6. Social Gospel • Idea that Christians are responsible for helping workers and the poor. • Jane Addams, settlement houses for poor

  7. Teddy Roosevelt “Bull Moose” • Promised to provide everyone a “Square Deal” through reforms. • Business, Labor, Consumers, Environment

  8. Trust buster: New laws regulating railroad tycoons

  9. Upton Sinclair – Muckraker author • The Jungle – a book Roosevelt reads that leads to passage of the Meat Inspection Act, 1906 • Pure Food and Drug Act – requires truth in labeling

  10. Environment– conserved millions of acres of public lands for national parks

  11. Progressive Presidents Theodore Roosevelt 1901-1909 Woodrow Wilson 1913-1921

  12. Wilson “Trust Buster” To help labor: • Clayton Anti-Trust Act – helps breaks up monopolies • Federal Trade Commission – investigates businesses for corruption • 8 hour work day est. To help farmers: • Income Tax – 16th amendment allows lower tariffs • Federal Farm Loan Act – low interest, long term loans

  13. Federal Reserve System – created 12 regional banks overseen by elected board • breaks up power of New York bankers

  14. Political Reforms • Initiative – people can initiate laws through petitions • Referendum – a public vote on initiatives • Recall – right to vote out public officials • Direct election of senators by popular vote • (17th amendment)

  15. Suffrage • The Progressive Era loses momentum after WWI begins. • Women’s efforts during WWI will help get them the right to vote in 1920. 19th amendment

  16. “The Noble Experiment” • WCTU, Women’s Christian Temperance Union helps pass 18th amendment, 1920 • led by Francis Willard, prohibition of alcohol

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