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Land Plants fall into two major groups

0. 0. Land Plants fall into two major groups. Non vascular Vascular. 0. Non-Vascular Plants. Lack vascular tissue Very small Known as the bryophytes. 0. The Bryophytes. Mosses. Liverworts. Hornworts. 0. Mosses. True mosses Sphagnum (Peat) mosses Granite mosses. 0.

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Land Plants fall into two major groups

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  1. 0

  2. 0 Land Plants fall into two major groups • Non vascular • Vascular

  3. 0 Non-Vascular Plants • Lack vascular tissue • Very small • Known as the bryophytes

  4. 0 The Bryophytes Mosses Liverworts Hornworts

  5. 0 Mosses • True mosses • Sphagnum (Peat) mosses • Granite mosses

  6. 0 True Mosses • Consists of structures resembling leaves stems and roots

  7. 0 True Mosses • “Leaves” have no veins • “Stems” have no vascular tissue

  8. 0 True Mosses • Reproduces by spores • Produced in a capsule

  9. When operculum is shed peristome teeth are exposed Peristome regulates spore dispersal 0 True Mosses – The Sporophyte

  10. 0 Mosses • True mosses • Sphagnum (Peat) mosses • Granite mosses

  11. Grow in Bogs Bogs may cover huge areas Moss absorbs water Water is acidified by the moss 0 Sphagnum (Peat) Mosses

  12. Unique leaf structure allows leaves to absorb large quantities of water Moss absorbs water Water is acidified by the moss 0 Sphagnum (Peat) Mosses

  13. Unique leaf structure allows leaves to absorb large quantities of water Moss absorbs water Water is acidified by the moss 0 Sphagnum (Peat) Mosses

  14. Thick deposits of partially decomposed moss accumulates Deposits are known at Peat 0 Sphagnum (Peat) Mosses

  15. 0 Sphagnum and Peat are Harvested for Agriculture and Fuel

  16. 0 Acid pH and capacity for water retention make sphagnum a popular soil amendment

  17. Peat has been harvest for centuries and burned for fuel 0 Sphagnum (Peat) Mosses

  18. 0 Bodies buried in Sphagnum Bogs are well preserved • Acid/anoxic environment retards bacterial growth Short video Mummies Frozen in Time

  19. 0

  20. 0 Land Plants fall into two major groups • Non vascular • Vascular

  21. 0 Vascular Plants • Vascular tissue • Some are seedless • Others produce seeds

  22. 0 Seedless Vascular Plants Whisk Ferns Club/Spike Mosses Horsetails Ferns

  23. 0 Whisk Ferns

  24. 0 Whisk Ferns • Dichotomous branching stems

  25. 0 Whisk Ferns • No roots – underground rhizome only

  26. 0 Whisk Ferns • No leaves- stem appendages are called enations

  27. 0 Whisk Ferns • Sporangia attached laterally on stem

  28. 0

  29. 0 Seedless Vascular Plants Whisk Ferns Club/Spike Mosses Horsetails Ferns

  30. 0 Plants with leaves have either microphylls or megaphylls • Microphylls have a single vascular strand • Megaphylls have a network of vascular strands

  31. 0 Club and Spike Mosses • Stems, roots and leaves • Leaves are microphylls

  32. 0 Club and Spike Mosses • Sporangia produced in axils of leaves

  33. 0 Club and Spike Mosses • Sporangia produced in axils of leaves

  34. 0

  35. 0 Seedless Vascular Plants Whisk Ferns Club/Spike Mosses Horsetails Ferns

  36. 0 Horsetails and Scouring Rushes

  37. 0 Horsetails and Scouring Rushes • Stems jointed • Branches whorled around stem

  38. 0 Horsetails and Scouring Rushes • Stems ribbed • Silica in cells of the epidermis

  39. 0 Horsetails and Scouring Rushes • Leaves small • Reduced megaphylls • Whorled at nodes • Underground rhizome with Roots

  40. 0 Horsetails and Scouring Rushes • Spores produced in terminal strobilous

  41. 0

  42. 0 Seedless Vascular Plants Whisk Ferns Club/Spike Mosses Horsetails Ferns

  43. 0 Ferns

  44. 0 Ferns show great diversity of form

  45. 0 Ferns have megaphylls

  46. 0 Young fern megaphylls are called fiddleheads

  47. 0 Fern stems grow vertically or horizontally

  48. 0 Spores are produced on underside of megaphylls

  49. 0 Spores are produced in clusters called Sori

  50. 0 Sori of many ferns are covered by an indusium

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