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Persuasive speech: a speech whose message attempts to change or reinforce an audience’s thoughts, feelings or actions.

Persuasive speech: a speech whose message attempts to change or reinforce an audience’s thoughts, feelings or actions. Types of Persuasive Speeches Focus on Different Types of Change. Questions of fact Questions of value Questions of policy. Question of fact:

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Persuasive speech: a speech whose message attempts to change or reinforce an audience’s thoughts, feelings or actions.

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  1. Persuasive speech: a speech whose message attempts to change or reinforce an audience’s thoughts, feelings or actions.

  2. Types of Persuasive SpeechesFocus on Different Types of Change • Questions of fact • Questions of value • Questions of policy

  3. Question of fact: addresses the truth of an assertion (we want to persuade an audience of what is or is not true.)

  4. Question of value: addresses the merit or morality of an object, action or belief. (We want to persuade an audience about what is good or bad, right or wrong.)

  5. Question of policy: addresses the best course of action, or solution to a problem.

  6. Questions of Policy • Involves both questions of fact and policy • Differ in that you offer a proposal

  7. Organization of Speeches on Questions of Fact • Topical • Chronological • Spatial

  8. Tips for Organizing Persuasive Speeches on Questions of Fact • Consider the specific purpose and thesis statement • Are you covering several discrete issues or a single issue? • Are you addressing an issue as it unfolds over time? • Are you describing a spatial arrangement?

  9. Organization of Speeches on Questions of Value • Topical • Chronological • Spatial

  10. Tips for Organizing Persuasive Speeches on Questions of Value • Follow the same as you would for fact • Consider the specific purpose and thesis statement • Are you covering several discrete issues or a single issue? • Are you addressing an issue as it unfolds over time? • Are you describing a spatial arrangement?

  11. Organization of Speeches on Questions of Policy • Gaining immediate action • Gaining passive agreement

  12. Gaining immediate action: will motivate an audience to engage in a specific behavior or take a specific action.

  13. Gaining passive agreement: will motivate an audience to adopt a new position without also asking them to act in support of that positions.

  14. Passive Agreement To persuade my audience that city council meetings make a difference. To persuade my audience that training programs are beneficial to their health. Immediate Action To persuade my audience to attend the next city council meeting. To persuade my audience to adopt my training program. Persuasive Specific Purpose Statements

  15. Organization of Speeches on Questions of Policy • Problem-solution:focuses on persuading an audience that a specific problem exists and can be solved or minimized by a policy. • Organized into two main points

  16. Tips for Using the Problem-Solution Pattern • Pose a clearly defined problem • Pose a relevant problem • Offer a solution that remedies the problem • Offer a solution that is appropriate to the audience

  17. Organization of Speeches on Questions of Policy • Problem-cause-solution:focuses on identifying a specific problem, the causes of that problem, and a solution for the problem.

  18. Tips for Using the Problem-Cause-Solution Pattern • Identify a clear and relevant problem • Identify a relevant cause of the problem • Offer a clear and appropriate solution to the problem

  19. Organization of Speeches on Questions of Policy • Comparative Advantages:illustrates the advantage of one solution over others.

  20. Tips for Using Comparative-Advantages • Discuss the problem briefly • Spend most of the time explaining the solutions • Illustrate the advantages of the solution over other options

  21. Organization of Speeches on Questions of Policy • Monroe’s motivated sequence: organizes your ideas in a sequential process that is used to persuade audiences by gaining attention, demonstrating a need, satisfying that need, visualizing beneficial results, and calling for action.

  22. Monroe's Motivated Sequence • Attention: motivate the audience to listen and see the personal connection they have to the topic. • Need:encourage the audience to become invested in the problem, feel affected by it, and want to find a solution.

  23. Monroe's Motivated Sequence • Satisfaction: define the specific solution and why it solves the problem. • Visualization: describe the benefits that will result from the audience’s need being satisfied.

  24. Monroe's Motivated Sequence • Action: outline exactly what the audience should do. • Call to action • Personal commitment

  25. Tips for Effective Persuasive Speaking • Be realistic about changing your audience’s views • Use evidence fairly and strategically • Use language that encourages an audience to change

  26. Ethical Persuasive Speaking • Persuade without threatening other’s self-determination • Four questions to keep in mind • What is my position and why? • What is my audience position and why? • Why am I qualified to persuade on this issue? • Is my request reasonable?

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