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Explore the rise of populism and the fight for economic reforms through movements like the Grange, Farmers' Alliances, and the People's Party. Learn about the impact of inflation, deflation, and the Panic of 1893 on farmers, as well as the battle for free silver versus gold-backed currency. Discover the key events leading up to the pivotal Election of 1896.
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Populism Chapter 6 Section 4
Populism • A movement to increase farmers’ political power and pass laws to benefit them
Inflation • Civil War: Gov’t issued greenbacks and silver coins • The amount of money in circulation increases, the value of the dollar decreases
Deflation • The amount of money in circulation decreases, the value of the dollar increases • Gov’t decreased money in circulation after Civil War • Who did this hurt? Who did it help?
The Grange • Taught farmers to organize, set up cooperatives, and sponsor state regulation of railroads • Failed to do anything about farm prices
Farmers’ Alliances • Formed larger cooperatives but also failed • Railroads and businessmen would not deal with them
The People’s Party • The Populists: formed in Omaha, Nebraska in 1892 • Demanded: • Economic reforms • Government reforms • Labor reform
The Southern Alliance • Didn’t want a 3rd party • Voted for Democrats to get their reforms in • Democrats ignored their promises once elected • Grover Cleveland was elected once again
The Panic of 1893 • Railroad industry collapsed • Led to general economic collapse • Farmers worse off than ever
Free Silver • Bimetallists: want money backed by silver and gold (Populists) • Gold bugs: only want money backed by gold (Mostly Republicans)
Election of 1896 • Republicans nominate William McKinley • Democrats and Populists nominate William Jennings Bryan • Cross of Gold Speech
Election of 1896 Cont’d • Employers convinced workers to vote for McKinley • Bryan lost in the industrial Northeast • McKinley won the election