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Unit 6 Psychological Health

Unit 6 Psychological Health. Teaching Procedures. Lead-in. Passage A. Passage B. General Writing. Practical Writing. Lead-in.

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Unit 6 Psychological Health

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  1. Unit 6Psychological Health

  2. Teaching Procedures Lead-in Passage A Passage B General Writing Practical Writing

  3. Lead-in Look at the patients in the picture and guess what problems they are suffering, and then listen to the following paragraphs and give an account of the main ideas with the help of the pictures. too much pressure failure again I’m ill again. I need a friend to talk to.

  4. Listen to this — Are you feeling really sad, tired, and worried most of the time? Are these feelings lasting more than a few days? If yes, you may have depression. Depression is a (S1) _________  medical illness that (S2) _________  the brain. You may want to know why you feel “depressed.” There may be (S3)  ________ causes. Depression may happen because of (S4)   in your brain. Depression runs in some (S5) _________  . This (S6) _________  that someone in your family such as a grandparent, parent, aunt, uncle, cousin, sister or brother may have depression. Sometimes (S7) _________  events or losses such as deaths can lead to depression. Sometimes the cause of depression is not clear.

  5. Listen to this — Don’t wait. Talk to your doctor about how you're feeling (S8) ______________________________   . If you don’t have a doctor, check your local phone book. (S9)  _________________________________ . Call one near you and ask for help. (S10) ___________________  . Ask your doctor which type is best for you. Some people need both treatments to feel better.

  6. Listen to this — Are you feeling really sad, tired, and worried most of the time? Are these feelings lasting more than a few days? If yes, you may have depression. Depression is a (S1) _________  medical illness that (S2) _________  the brain. You may want to know why you feel “depressed.” There may be (S3)  ________ causes. Depression may happen because of (S4)  __________ in your brain. Depression runs in some (S5) _________  . This (S6) _________  that someone in your family such as a grandparent, parent, aunt, uncle, cousin, sister or brother may have depression. Sometimes (S7) _________  events or losses such as deaths can lead to depression. Sometimes the cause of depression is not clear. serious involves several changes families means painful

  7. Listen to this — Don’t wait. Talk to your doctor about how you're feeling (S8) ____________________________________ __________________________________________ If you don’t have a doctor, check your local phone book. (S9)  __________________________________________ ________________________________________Call one near you and ask for help. (S10) ___________________ ________________________________________________.Ask your doctor which type is best for you. Some people need both treatments to feel better. Get a medical checkup to rule out any other illnesses that might be causing signs of depression. Go to the government services pages and look for “health clinics” or “community health centers.” There are two common types of treatment for depression: medicine and “talk” therapy

  8. Passage A • Think About It • Read About It • Talk About It • Write About It

  9. Preview Check 1. What kind of people do psychologists portray die-hard fans as? Reference: Lonely misfits searching for self-esteem by identifying with a team.

  10. Preview Check 2. Compared to people who never watch a football match, what does the study mentioned in Para. 3 suggest about the football fans? Reference: They suffer fewer bouts of depression and alienation.

  11. Preview Check 3. Why does the author say that the fans’ connection to a team is fickle? Reference: (Because they say) "We won" (when) describing (the team’s) victory, and "they lost" (when) describing (its) defeat.

  12. Preview Check 4. “ Highly-identified” fans tend to blame their team’s failure on a biased referee or on bad luck, rather than_____________. Reference: on their team’s mistakes or the other team's skill.

  13. Preview Check 5. Is a deep attachment to a team healthy according to the passage? Reference: Yes in most cases.

  14. Read About It • Language Points • Content Awareness • Language Focus

  15. Passage A Is It Healthy to Be a Football Supporter?— Why Fans Know the Score Die-hard football fans hit the heights when their team wins and reaches the depths of despair when they lose. Scientific studies show the love affair with a team may be as emotionally intense as the real thing, and that team clashes have gladiatorial power. What's going on? Why do fervent fans have hormonal urges and other psychological changes while watching games?

  16. Passage A Why does fans' self-esteem soar with victory and plummet in defeat, sometimes affecting their lives long afterwards? Why do people feel so drawn to form such deep ties to teams? Is avidly rooting for a team good or bad for your health? You may find the answers surprising. THE FAN'S PERSONALITY Psychologists often portray die-hard fans as lonely misfits searching for self-esteem by identifying with a team,2 but a study suggests the opposite. It reveals that football fans suffer fewer bouts of depression and alienation than people who never watch. Hard-core fans also demonstrate a fierce and unbreakable bond.

  17. Passage A It's possible to trace the roots of fan psychology to a primitive time when warriors fighting to protect their tribes were the true representatives of their race. In modern times, so the theory goes, professional sportsmen are warriors of a city or country fighting a stylized war waged on a football pitch. IT'S WAR OUT THERE Some confrontations on the pitch are gladiatorial. In this respect, our sports heroes are our gladiators. A football match, especially between rival teams, isn't some light-hearted display of athletic prowess. The self is emotionally involved in the outcome because

  18. Passage A whoever you're rooting for represents YOU. So professional footballers seem to recreate the intense emotions in some fans that tribal warfare aroused in their forebears. It could even be that these emotions have fueled the explosion in the popularity of sports over the past 20 years. STATUS BY PROXY So, through football matches, it becomes possible to gain respect from your rivals, albeit vicariously . This means you can be highly regarded not for your own achievement, but through your connection to a team that wins. Or, if you like, by your connection

  19. Passage A to individual footballers for their skill, such as midfielder David Beckham, winger Ryan Giggs, and striker Thierry Henry. The connection, however, can be fickle. Bragging sports fans tend to claim credit for their team's success, saying "we won" to describe a victory, but distance themselves from a team's failure, saying "they lost" describing a defeat. LOYAL TO THE END A raft of studies has found that "highly-identified" fans — both men and women — are unlikely to abandon a team when it's doing

  20. Passage A badly. Anyone who's read Fever Pitch by Nick Hornby knows that this is true of the ardent Arsenal fan. Not only that, they tend to blame their team's failures on a biased referee or on bad luck, rather than on Arsenal's mistakes or the other team's skill. It's not surprising that these avid fans get more psychologically aroused at games and spend more money on tickets and merchandise. IS TESTOSTERONE A FACTOR? Testosterone levels in male fans rise markedly after a victory but drop just as sharply after a defeat. Apparently the same pattern

  21. Passage A has been documented in male animals who fight over a female. Biologists think that the human animal may have evolved this way to end conflicts quickly. If so, it provides an interesting biological explanation of football hooliganism after big matches. Science backs up this theory. Testosterone levels were measured in 21 Italian and Brazilian men in Atlanta before and after Brazil's victory over Italy in soccer's 1994 World Cup. The Brazilians' testosterone rose 28 per cent on average, while the Italians' levels dropped 27 per cent. CAN BEING A FAN DAMAGE YOUR HEALTH?

  22. Passage A Yes, it can. Indeed it can be fatal. The tension felt by football fans during penalty shoot-outs can trigger heart attacks and strokes in male spectators. On the day Holland lost to France in Euro 96, deaths there from heart attacks and strokes rose by 50 per cent. GROUP IDENTITYBeing an ardent fan could be simply the desire to belong to a group or a society — a need once answered by religion and politics. This explains why some fans remain loyal through thick and thin, and despite the repeated failure of their teams. Surrounding

  23. Passage A yourself at a match with people who so clearly espouse your own enthusiasms, and identifying your tribal membership with hats, scarves , Mexican waves and songs, makes you feel you belong as little else does. What's more, you're part of a group where no questions are asked, explanations are unnecessary and where you can always rely on support. With so many traditional institutions like religion and family beginning to break down, the football crowd is the perfect family. A HEALTHIER OUTLOOK?

  24. Passage A In most cases, a deep attachment to a team is healthy. Several studies show that an intense interest in a team can stave off depression and foster feelings of self-worth and belonging. That applies to all ardent sports fans. All human beings — including football fans — share the basic psychological need to belong. Without religion, without family, something has to answer that need. Today football, above all other sports, fills that crucial void. (870 words)

  25. World Cup World Cup, formally FIFA WORLD CUP, in association football (soccer), trophy that symbolizes the world championship. The first competition for the cup was organized in 1930 by the Fédération International de Football Association (FIFA) and was won by Uruguay. Held every four years since that time, Unlike Olympic association football, World Cup teams are not limited to amateur players. Referees are selected from lists that are submitted by all the national associations.

  26. It's the weekly football series in Britain.

  27. Fever Pitch by Nick Hornby: The book named Fever Pitch is written by Nick Hornby.

  28. Mexican wave: A maneuver in which fans at a sports event simulate an ocean wave by rising quickly in sequence with arms upraised and then quickly sitting down again in a continuous rolling motion. It originated from Mexico, so we call it Mexican wave.

  29. alienation n. emotional isolation or dissociation • Examples • His criminal activities led to complete alienation from his family. • Mental illness can create a sense of alienation from the real world.

  30. primitive adj. of or at an early stage of social development • Examples • primitive culture, customs, tribes • primitive weapons, eg bows and arrows, spears

  31. demonstrate v. show sth clearly by giving proof or evidence; be an example of ; show • Examples • The simulation experiment results demonstrate this controller is effective. • Can you demonstrate what you mean by that?

  32. arouse v. wake sb from sleep cause (sth) to appear; awaken cause sb to become active • Examples • He was aroused from his nap by the doorbell. • Her strange behavior aroused our suspicions.

  33. crucial adj. very important; decisive • Examples • Getting this contract is crucial to the future of our company.

  34. abandon v. go away from, desert leave sth/sb to be taken • Examples • They abandoned their lands to the invading forces.

  35. intense adj. very great or severe; extreme • Examples • intense interest, anger, jealousy, convictions, etc

  36. Why do people feel so drawn to form such deep ties to teams. Paraphrase Why are people so attracted by the teams which they form such deep ties to?

  37. Psychologists often portray die-hard fans as lonely misfits searching for self-esteem by identifying with a team. Paraphrase Psychologists often describe die-hard fans as ones who are disturbingly different from others and who are searching self-esteem by belonging to a team.

  38. Hard-core fans also demonstrate a fierce and unbreakable bond. Paraphrase Hard-core fans also show an ardent and unbreakable link.

  39. It's possible to trace the roots of fan psychology to a primitive time. Paraphrase It's possible to have origins of fan psychology in the earliest stage.

  40. So professional footballers seem to recreate the intense emotions in some fans that tribal warfare aroused in their forebears. Paraphrase As tribal warfare stirs up the intense emotions in their forebears, professional footballers seem to recreate the same intense emotions in some fans.

  41. Apparently the same pattern has been documented in male animals who fight over a female. Paraphrase Apparently the same pattern has been proved in male animals who fight over a female.

  42. Vocabulary Phrases Translation Language Focus Language focus

  43. Ex. 4 Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Make changes where necessary. primitive attachment arouse achievement abandon sharp confrontation crucial intense soar 1. There were joyous celebrations all over the country, with parades and the ringing of church bells to honor the great _____________ .  • achievement 2. Improved consumer confidence is _______ to an economic recovery. • crucial

  44. Ex. 4 Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Make changes where necessary. primitive attachment arouse achievement abandon sharp confrontation crucial intense soar 3. It is a ___________ instinct to flee a place of danger. • demonstrate 4. Later, some of his findings ________ much popular interest in his book. • aroused

  45. primitive attachment arouse achievement abandon sharp confrontation crucial intense soar Ex. 4 Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Make changes where necessary. 5. Psychologists believe that separation from the parents during the sensitive ________ period from birth to three may scar a child’s personality and predispose it to emotional problems in later life. • attachment 6. The issue has caused great tension between the two countries and could lead to a military___________ . • confrontation

  46. Ex. 4 Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Make changes where necessary. primitive attachment arouse achievement abandon sharp confrontation crucial intense soar 7. The introduction of computerized information systems has ________ changed management control in many companies. • sharply 8. Most of the students have already felt the pressure of ________ inflation. • soaring

  47. Ex. 4 Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Make changes where necessary. primitive attachment arouse achievement abandon sharp confrontation crucial intense soar 9. Dozens of homes have had to be _________ as the sea has crept farther and farther inland. • abandoned 10. The _______study of German helps Mark know more about German culture and customs. • intense

  48. Ex.5 Complete the following sentences with phrases or expressions from the passage. 1. Go ahead with it, and we will stand by you ___________ . • through thick and thin 2. Last Sunday evening we went to _______ the school playground to the school football team. • root for

  49. Ex.5 Complete the following sentences with phrases or expressions from the passage. 3. The new evidence ________ my argument that they took advantage of the chance. • backed up 4. The garden has _________ our family for a long time. • belonged to

  50. Ex.5 Complete the following sentences with phrases or expressions from the passage. 5. For 12 years, we've sought to _________this ultimate threat of disaster. • stave off

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