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Unit 6 personal health & physical activity

Unit 6 personal health & physical activity. By. Laquana L SeQuoia S Carlos R. Lesson 30. Eye Examination. Ophthalmologists and optometrists perform eye examinations. An ophthalmologist is a physician who specializes in medical and surgical care and treatment of the eyes.

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Unit 6 personal health & physical activity

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  1. Unit 6personal health& physical activity By. Laquana L SeQuoia S Carlos R

  2. Lesson 30

  3. Eye Examination • Ophthalmologists and optometrists perform eye examinations. • An ophthalmologist is a physician who specializes in medical and surgical care and treatment of the eyes. • Ophthalmologists can diagnose and treat eye conditions, test vision, perform surgery, and prescribe corrective lenses.

  4. Eye Examinations (cont.) • An optometrist is an eye-care professional who is specially trained in a school of optometry. • Optometrists can test vision and prescribe corrective lenses. • During an eye examination, an eye-care professional reviews your health history and examines your eyes for refractive errors, color blindness, lazy eye, crossed eyes, eye coordination, depth perception, eye disease, and general eye health.

  5. Visual Acuity • Sharpness of vision is called visual acuity. Refractive errors may interfere with visual acuity. • A refractive error is a variation in the shape of the eye that affects the way images are focused on the retina and blurs vision. • The retina is the inner lining • of the eye.

  6. Refractive Errors • Refractive errors include myopia, hyperopia, astigmatism, and presbyopia. • With Myopia, or nearsightedness, distant objects appear blurred and close objects appear clear. • The nearsighted eye is longer than average and images are focused in front of the retina.

  7. Astigmatism With astigmatism the irregularly shaped cornea causes blurred vision.The cornea is the transparent front part of the eye’s outer shell. Astigmatism affects both distant and close vision. You can have astigmatism and either myopia or hyperopia.

  8. Presbyopia • Presbyopia is age-related and is caused by weakening of eye muscles and hardening of the cornea. Older adults experience blurred vision of close objects.

  9. Correcting Visual Acuity • Refractive errors may be corrected with eye-glasses or contact lenses. Both help the eye focus images on the retina so that visual acuity is restored. People with presbyopia may wear bifocals. • Bifocals are lenses that correct for both close and distant vision.

  10. Glasses • Eyeglasses usually are made of plastic or non breakable glass. • A protective coating may be added to prevent glare and protect the eyes from ultraviolet radiation. • Contact lenses can be hard or soft and are worn directly on the cornea. • It is important to clean and store the lenses correctly to prevent eye infection.

  11. types of eye surgerys: Eye surgery. • Radial Keratotomy: • Photo Refractive Keratectomy: Keratomileusis (Lasik.): • Laser surgery:

  12. Eye Conditions • Conjunctivitis: inflammation • of the eye membranes. (pink eye.) • Glaucoma: when pressure of the fluid in the eye is high and may damage the optic nerve. • Cataract: clouding of the lens of the eye that obstructs vision. • Macular Degeneration: incurable eye disease. It’s caused bye the deterioration of the central portion of the retina.

  13. Ear Examinations • Audiologist • Otolaryngologist • Audiometer – machine used to measure the range of the sounds a person hears. • Tympanogram – measure of the vibrations of the ear drum and air pressure in the Eustachian tube. • Eustachian tube – connects the middle ear and the back of the nose.

  14. Teeth cleaning • Dental Plaque- is an invisible, sticky film of bacteria on teeth. • Dental sealant- a thin, plastic coating painted on the chewing surfaces of the back teeth to prevent tooth decay • Malocclusion- the abnormal fitting of teeth when the jaws are closed • Dental veneer- is a thin shell of ceramic material used to cover teeth

  15. Dental continued … • Periodontal disease- is a disease of the gums and other tissues supporting the teeth. • Gingivitis- is a condition in which the gums are red, swollen, tender, and bleed easily • Fluoride- is a mineral that strengthens the enamel of teeth.

  16. Article • http://www.eyetopics.com/ • This website talks about eye care, vision help. It tells you about conditions and problems you may have with your eyes. Also, you can ask a question, and receive an answer.

  17. Quiz Question 1 Question 2 During an eye examina- tion, an eye-care professional examines your eyes for all the following EXCEPT, A; lazy eye B; hearing issues C; refractive errors D; depth perception • _____is a physician who specializes in medical and surgical care and treatment of the eyes. • A; Anthropologist • B; Optometrists • C; Ophthalmologists • D; Doctor

  18. Question 3 Question 4 What is the inner lining of the eye ? A; retina B; pupil C; eye ball D; the vein • Which of the following does refractive errors interfere with… • A; Myopia • B; refractive acuity • C; astigmatism • D; presbyopia

  19. Question 5 Question 6 What is presbyopia caused by ? A; eye getting stuck B; thanking too long C; opening a closing your eye to fast D; weakening of eye muscles and hardening of the cornea • What causes blurred vision? • A; sleeping too • B; smoking • C; starring for a long time • D; irregularly shaped cornea

  20. Question 7 Questions 8 Which of the following is NOT types of eye surgery? A; laser eye B; Radical keratotomy C; laser botanic D; Photo Refractive Keratectomy: Keratomileusis (Lasik). ; ___ are protective coating may be added to prevent glare and protect the eyes from ultraviolet radiation. A; glasses B; Bifocals C; pupil D; none of the above

  21. Question 9 Question 10 ____ is the abnormal fitting of teeth when the jaws are closed A; fluoride B; Dental veneer C; Malocclusion D; dental plaque Which of the following ISN’T a eye condition? A; cataracts B; gingivitis C; glaucoma D; Macular degeneration

  22. Lesson 31

  23. Grooming • Keeping the body clean and having a neat appearance is grooming. Good grooming practices also improve the state of your social health. When you have a neat appearance, people will find you more attractive.

  24. Skin/Nail Care • Foot odor is caused by bacteria. To prevent it, wash your feet well and dry them, as well as wearing clean socks. Dermatologistsare physicians who specialize in skin care.*

  25. Acne • Acne is a skin disorder in which pores are plugged with sebum, or oil, dead skin cells, and bacteria. One type of acne is a comedone. • Open comedones are commonly known as blackheads, while closed are known as white heads. • Hormones, excess sebum, and bacteria cause acne, but food, beverages, and dirt do not cause acne. *

  26. Skin/Nail Care • To prevent it, wash your feet well and dry them, as well as wearing clean socks. • Dermatologists are physicians who specialize in skin care.

  27. Treating Acne • Wash your face daily with a clean washcloth and rinse well. Keep hair out of your face. If you wear makeup, choose water-based cosmetics and take it off every night before bed. • Do not squeeze, pop, or scratch at acne, as it caused the bacteria to spread.

  28. What To Know About Caring for Hair • Shampoo-Is a mild detergent for the hair. • Conditioner-Is a product that coats hair, helps detangle hair, and gives hair a smooth and shiny appearance • Dandruff-Is a condition in which dead skin is shed from the scalp, producing white flakes • Styling gel-Is a jellylike substance that gives hair body and keeps it in place • Insects that live and lay eggs in human hair are called lice.

  29. Removing hair • Razor-Is a a device with sharp blades used to shave hair off at the skin’s surface • Shaving Cream-Is a Foam placed on hair to make shaving easier • Depilatories-Are chemicals that dissolve hair at the skin’s surface. • Waxing-Is the use of hot wax to pull hairs out. • Laser hair removal-Is the use of a laser to damage hair follicles

  30. Caring For Different Types of Hair • You inherit your hair type from your parents, Scientists have identified three basic types of hair-Asian, African, and Caucasian. These threes types of hair look different.Each type also responds differently to hair treatments and to elements such as heat and humidity.

  31. Tweezers • Tweezing-Or plucking is the use of metal forceps to manually pull hairs out. • Electrolysis-Is the use of electricity to damage hair follicles.

  32. Smelly Feet Foot odor is caused by bacteria. To prevent foot odor, wash your feet regularly with soap and scrub toenails with a nail brush. Dry your feet well and wear clean socks.

  33. Skin Clean your skin thoroughly before going to bed, so your skin can breathe freely at night. Eat a well-balanced diet, with all food groups represented. Drink plenty of water to help flush toxins out of your body.

  34. Quiz Question 1 Question 2 What is a dermatologist ? A; a doctor B; somebody who has bumps C; a physician who specialize in skin care D; a type of dance • Good grooming practices also improve the state of your _____ ____ . • A; social health • B; appearance • C; personal health • D; being you

  35. Question 3 Question 4 What is foot odor caused by ? A; dirt B; bacteria C; personal hygiene D; none of the above • What is blackheads commonly know as ? • A; scars • B; zits • C; open comedone • D; bumps

  36. Question 5 Question 6 Which is NOT a way to remove hair ? A; Depilatories B; with a razor C; waxing nothing D; laser hair removal • What are insects that live & lay eggs in human hair called ? • A; particles • B; dandruff • C; flies • D; lice

  37. Question 7 Question 8 ____is the use of metal forceps to manually pull hairs out. A; wiping it off B; pulling C; tweezing D; cutting • Who do you inherit your hair type from ? • A; parents • B; ancestors • C; strangers • D; from whatever your parents were thanking

  38. Question 9 Question 10 Drink plenty of ____to help flush toxins out of your body. A; juice B; soda C; water D; caffeine • ___reduces the amount of perspiration • A; excising • B; sweat • C; deodorant • D; antiperspirant

  39. Lesson 32

  40. The Sleep Cycle • A state of deep relaxation in which there is little movement or consciousness is called sleep.

  41. Rapid Eye Movement Sleep • It is the period of sleep characterized by rapid eye movements behind closed eyelids.

  42. Non-rapid Eye Movement Sleep • It is the period of sleep in which the eyes are relaxed. NREM sleep can range from very light to very deep sleep.

  43. What To Know About the Sleep Cycle • Sleep is an active state in which the brain continues to process information and the body continues to undergo changes. • There are certain states of sleep that you go through during the night.

  44. Sleeping Stages • 1. Is a transition between being awake and asleep. • 2. In the second stage of sleep you begin REM sleep. It takes about a hour to get to your deepest sleep.

  45. Rest & Sleep Rest & sleep are essential togood health. You need adequate rest, & sleep or yourability to concentrate will be affected. Yourimmune system becomes weakenedwhen you don’t get enough sleep. Become moreaccident prone Essential to growth Sleep is needed to restore your physical, emotional, & mental energy.

  46. Your biological time clock? Your body was programmed by your biological clock to feel sleepy during the night time hours & be active during the daytime hours Example: people traveling in different time zones lag because they do not maintain regular sleep/wake schedule

  47. What to know? The amount of rest & sleep needed varies from person to person according to a person’s level of physical activity & usually decreases with age Feeling rested & energetic during the day is a good sign that you had enough sleep

  48. Sleeping tips: Get out of bed if you cant sleep Engage in activities & nightly rituals that encourage sleep Establish a sleep time Avoid napping to long Create a comfortable place to sleep Avoid substances that can interrupt your sleep Watch what you eat before you go to bed

  49. What is. . . Insomnia: is the prolonged inability to fall asleep, or get back to sleep once a person is awakened during the night Sleep apnea: a disorder of brief interruptions of breathing during sleep Restless leg syndrome (RLS)- a sleep disorder in which there are unpleasant sensations in the legs and feet and an urge to move them for relief Narcolepsy- a disability condition in which a person experiences “sleep attacks” at inappropriate and various times of the day

  50. Sleeping Disorders • According to the National Institute of Health, at least 40 million Americans suffer from long-lasting sleep disorders. Approximately 20 million Americans suffer from occasional sleeping disorders. • There are more than 70 types of sleep disorders.

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