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Conditions inside the body

Conditions inside the body. Potential temporary exposure to… Mastication (HOW MUCH PRESSURE?) Enzymes Salivary amylase Breaks down starch Lysozyme Breaks down bacterial cell walls. Mouth & Esophagus. Conditions inside the body. Exposure to… Gastric Motility

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Conditions inside the body

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  1. Conditions inside the body • Potential temporary exposure to… • Mastication • (HOW MUCH PRESSURE?) • Enzymes • Salivary amylase • Breaks down starch • Lysozyme • Breaks down bacterial cell walls Mouth & Esophagus

  2. Conditions inside the body • Exposure to… • Gastric Motility • Constant barrage of contractions. • Gastric acid • HCl (pH of 2) • Digestive Enzymes • Pepsin (denatures proteins) • Gastric lipase (breaks down fats) Stomach

  3. High-level Concepts: Gas-generating devices • Digestible capsule breaks down • Barrier breaks • Gas-forming reaction commences • Drug-infused degradable porous polymer matrix delivers drug over time • Once the porous polymer matrix fully degrades, a hole is exposed through which gas can pass, allowing the device to deflate How it would work Limitations • Device will prematurely expand if crushed

  4. High-level Concepts: Shape-Memory Polymer Technology • Digestible capsule breaks down • Strands of shape-memory polymer material straighten out when exposed to low pH • Drug-infused degradable porous polymer matrix delivers drug over time, decreasing in size until it is gone • Buckyball-like structure physically breaks apart due to gastric contractions How it would work Limitations • Device may prematurely break down if covered by neutral mucus in the stomach • Consumer cannot drink any basic drinks while the pill is dispensing drug • The device might cause discomfort when passing through the pyloric sphincter

  5. High-level Concepts: Electronic Capsule • Digestible capsule breaks down • pH sensor triggers the inflation of the biocompatible balloon • Drug-delivery door opens and closes at pre-programed intervals • Device deflates the biocompatible balloon after delivering the entire payload How it would work Limitations • The inner workings of the electronic capsule are intricate (motor, pump, sensor, processor), which would make it difficult to manufacture

  6. High-level Concepts: Hydrogel • Digestible capsule breaks down • Hydrogel absorbs water in the stomach and quickly expands • Drug-infused degradable porous polymer matrix is exposed to water in the hydrogel. It breaks down, and drug diffuses through the hydrogel. • Hydrogel eventually breaks down into fragments that get smaller and smaller How it would work Limitations • Common hydrogels are not strong enough to withstand the forces imposed by gastric motility

  7. Final Design Biodegradable controlled release porous polymer matrix surrounded by a superporous hydrogel composite material, all enclosed in a digestible gelatin capsule. Figure (above) - Degradable controlled release porous polymer matrix. Figure (left) – Superporous hydrogel composite material

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