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Metamorphic Rocks: Nature's Altered Creations

Metamorphic rocks, transformed by heat and pressure, are results of geological forces altering sedimentary or igneous rocks deep under the Earth's surface. Discover the textures, compositions, and formation processes of these changed rocks through regional and contact metamorphism. Explore examples like gneiss, slate, and marble, and learn about the transitions from shale to gneiss, limestone to marble, sandstone to quartzite, and coal to anthracite coal.

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Metamorphic Rocks: Nature's Altered Creations

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  1. Metamorphic Rock

  2. “Changed” rock that forms deep under the Earth • Texture and composition of a sedimentary or igneous or other metamorphic rock gets changed by heat and pressure

  3. HOW? • Rock gets close to magma • This is called CONTACT metamorphism

  4. Also . . . • Enormous pressure when the Earth’s crust collides • Called REGIONAL Metamorphism

  5. Gneiss( say ‘nice’ !)

  6. Minerals Change… • Calcite, Quartz and Hematite change into GARNET

  7. Textures: • Foliated mineral grains banded, aligned • Nonfoliatedminerals crystals are larger, not aligned; they appear shiny

  8. Examples… • Foliated: slate, schist, gneiss

  9. Slate

  10. Schist http://flexiblelearning.auckland.ac.nz/rocks_minerals/rocks/schist.html

  11. Gneiss http://flexiblelearning.auckland.ac.nz/rocks_minerals/rocks/gneiss.html

  12. Nonfoliated • Marble, • quartzite (is very common)

  13. Marble

  14. Quartzite

  15. Learn these changes • Shale  slate  gneiss • Limestone  marble • Sandstone  quartzite • Coal  Anthracite Coal

  16. Homework  Visit: http://www.es.ucl.ac.uk/schools/Glossary/rocks.htm

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