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Early Nuclear reactor

WELCOME. Early Nuclear reactor. The Vision. “It is not too much to expect that our children will enjoy in their homes [nuclear generated] electrical energy too cheap to meter.” – Lewis Strauss, Chairman of the U.S. Atomic Energy Commission (1954). Nuclear Power Today.

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Early Nuclear reactor

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  1. WELCOME Early Nuclear reactor

  2. The Vision • “It is not too much to expect that our children will enjoy in their homes [nuclear generated] electrical energy too cheap to meter.” – Lewis Strauss, Chairman of the U.S. Atomic Energy Commission (1954)

  3. Nuclear Power Today • Provides almost 20% of world’s electricity (8% in U.S.) • 69% of U.S. non-carbon electricity generation • More than 100 plants in U.S. • None built since the 1970s • 200+ plants in the Europe • Leader is France

  4. Nuclear Power Countries

  5. Nuclear reaction • Chain reaction occurs when a Uranium atom splits • Different reactions • Atomic Bomb in a split second • Nuclear Power Reactor more controlled, cannot explode like a bomb

  6. History of nuclear power 1938– Scientists study Uranium nucleus 1941 – Manhattan Project begins 1942 – Controlled nuclear chain reaction 1945 – U.S. uses two atomic bombs on Japan 1949 – Soviets develop atomic bomb 1952 – U.S. tests hydrogen bomb 1955 – First U.S. nuclear submarine

  7. Major Problems of Nuclear Energy: • TRANSPORATION RISKS • Cost • Safety • Waste Disposal

  8. Transportation risks • Uranium oxide spills • Fuel rod spills (WI 1981) • Radioactive waste risks

  9. “Mobile Chernobyl”to Yucca Mtn.

  10. Fallout from Chernobyl

  11. Three-Mile Island, PA 1979

  12. Plants near TMI -lack of chlorophyll -deformed leaf patterns -thick, flat, hollow stems -missing reproductive parts -abnormally large TMI dandelion leaf at right

  13. Animals Nearby TMI • Many insects disappeared for years. • Bumble bees, carpenter bees, certain type caterpillars, or daddy-long-leg spiders • Pheasants and hop toads have disappeared.

  14. 400 million people exposed in 20 countries

  15. Radiation and Health • Health effects as a result of radiation exposure: -increased likelihood of cancer -birth defects including long limbs, brain damage, conjoined stillborn twins -reduced immunity -genetic damage

  16. Case Study:Different Attitudes on Nuclear Power United States: • Stigma of “unsafe” after Three Mile Island • NIMBY attitude toward siting France: • Impact of “oil shock” during 1970s • Advantage of strong centralized gov’t • Huge lobbying campaign • Trust in technology • Today, France is energy exporter!

  17. Int’l Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) • Part of U.N. • Oversees global energy security, scientific concerns • Origin • Eisenhower’s “Atoms for Peace” • Formed in 1957 • Promote peaceful nuclear use

  18. “Atoms for Peace” Program to justify nuclear technology Proposals for power, canal-building, exports First commercial power plant, Illinois 1960

  19. The Anti-Nuclear Movement • Rachel Carson started it all in Silent Spring • She was the first to bring to light the harmful externalities of nuclear energy, including the risks of genetic mutations

  20. Yucca Mountain

  21. Front end: Uranium mining and milling

  22. The Future of Nuclear Power

  23. Emissions Free • Nuclear energy annually prevents • 5.1 million tons of sulfur • 2.4 million tons of nitrogen oxide • 164 metric tons of carbon • Nuclear often pitted against fossil fuels • Some coal contains radioactivity • Nuclear plants have released low-level radiation

  24. Radioactive Waste Recycling • Disposal of radioactive waste from nuclear power plants and weapons facilities by recycling it into household products. • In 1996, 15,000 tons of metal were received by the Association of Radioactive Metal Recyclers . Much was recycled into products without consumer knowledge. • Depleted Uranium munitions for military.

  25. IS NUCLEAR POWER REALLY REQUIERD………? BY- YESHWANTH.A&VARUN.A • VAAGDEVI COLLEGE OF ENGNEERING

  26. ANY QUERIES?

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