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Global Positioning System/ GPS

Global Positioning System/ GPS. By: David Ricketts. GPS. The GPS is a satellite navigation system in space that provides location and time information in all weather conditions.

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Global Positioning System/ GPS

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  1. Global Positioning System/ GPS By: David Ricketts

  2. GPS • The GPS is a satellite navigation system in space that provides location and time information in all weather conditions. • The system provides critical capabilities to military, civil and commercial users around the world. The GPS project was developed in 1973 to overcome the limitations of previous navigation systems.

  3. GPS • GPS was created and realized by the U.S Department of defence and was originally run with 24 satellites.

  4. GPS History • The design of GPS is based partly on similar ground-based radio-navigation systems, such as Loran and the Decca Navigator, was developed in the early 1940’s and was used by the British Royal Navy during WW2.

  5. 1977: First receiver tests are performed even before the first satellites are stationed in the orbit. Transmitters are installed on the earth’s surface called Pseudolites (Pseudo satellites)

  6. 1979: Decision to expand the GPS system. The resources are considerably shortened and the program is restructured. • At first only 18 satellites should be operated. 1988 the number of satellites is again raised to 24 because when it was only 18 they were not satisfied with it.

  7. Development • With the parallel developments in the 1960s, it was realized that a superior system could be developed by synthesizing the best technologies from 621B, Transit, Timation, and SECOR in a multi-service program. • During Labor Day weekend in 1973, a meeting of about twelve military officers at the Pentagon discussed the creation of a Defense Navigation Satellite System (DNSS). It was at this meeting that "the real synthesis that became GPS was created."

  8. Awards • On February 10, 1993, the National Aeronautic Association selected the GPS team as winners of the 1992 Robert J. Collier Trophy, the nation's most prestigious aviation award. • On October 4, 2011, the International Astronautical Federation (IAF) awarded the Global Positioning System (GPS) its 60th Anniversary Award, nominated by IAF member, the American Institute for Aeronautics and Astronautics (AIAA).

  9. Basic concept of GPS • A GPS receiver calculates its position by precisely timing the signals sent by GPS Satellites high above the Earth. • Each satellite continually transmits messages that include: 1. The time the message was transmitted. 2. Satellite position at time of message transmission.

  10. The receiver uses the messages it receives to determine the transit time of each message and computes the distance to each satellite using the speed of light. • The receiver is on the surface of each of these spheres when the distances and the satellites' locations are correct.

  11. Structure • The current GPS consists of three major segments. These are the space segment (SS), a control segment (CS), and a user segment (US).

  12. Video of a GPS • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IoRQiNFzT0k

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