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Andrew J Wilton Director of Applied Research GSM Systems Division

Andrew J Wilton Director of Applied Research GSM Systems Division. Agenda. AGENDA. Why Packet? GSM/GPRS Architecture What is EDGE? Deployment Issues Standards Terminal Classes GPRS Applications. AGENDA. Why Packet? GSM/GPRS Architecture What is EDGE?

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Andrew J Wilton Director of Applied Research GSM Systems Division

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  1. Andrew J Wilton Director of Applied Research GSM Systems Division

  2. Agenda AGENDA Why Packet? GSM/GPRS Architecture What is EDGE? Deployment Issues Standards Terminal Classes GPRS Applications

  3. AGENDA Why Packet? GSM/GPRS Architecture What is EDGE? Deployment Issues Terminal Classes Standards GPRS Applications

  4. Capacity (Mbytes) USEDAVAILABLE*% USED Email 0.99 9.7 10.2 (Download) Email 0.06 3.0 2.0 (Browsing) Web 0.23 4.2 5.5 (browsing) * 56.6 Kbits/s Why Packet? Why Packet Bursty Services Circuit Data Utilisation bit/s WWW pages Circuit Capacity 33.6k t Mean WWW browsing example • Many user actions are bursty • e.g. browsing WWW pages • Internet has variable delays • PSTN channel not used 100%

  5. Auth. Server Email via GPRS Auth. Server Email via GSM Email Server Email Server User GPRS Internet User Modem Modem Internet GSM PSTN Authenticated path to Email server Virtual GPRS Data Tunnel Why Permanent Virtual Circuits? Permanent Virtual Circuits • INITIAL CALL PROCESSTIME (s) • GSM Call 4 • TrainModem 30 • Login and Authenticate 11 • Download mail 180 • Total 3 min 45s • SUBSEQUENT CALL • Repeat Above 3 min 45s • INITIAL CALL PROCESSTIME (s) • GPRS Call 4 • Login and Authenticate 11 • Download mail 180 • Total 3 min 15s • SUBSEQUENT CALL • Not applicable - Virtual Cct 0min 0s Mail Only When Connected Mail Continuously Downloaded

  6. New Timeslots Required 1 Penetration GPRS HSCSD 3% 0 5*-12 15% 0 14*-21 - 1 session/ 4 hours ~ 10 mins worst case delay Voice - 20mE - 1% blocking Data - 1:10 duty cycle - 15 minute sessions 1 Conditions: GPRS - the Low Cost Data Upgrade Upgrade to Data • Saturated Voice Cell • + 15% Subs are Data Users • @ 56kbit/s • Saturated Voice Cell • - 1 Carrier • - 150 subscribers * lower figure is data only

  7. Agenda AGENDA Why Packet? GSM/GPRS Architecture What is EDGE? Deployment Issues Standards Terminal Classes GPRS Applications

  8. GMSC PSTN MSC A-bis ‘A’ HLR/AUC GPRS Register MAP BSC BTS GPRS Register H/VLR GSM Architecture

  9. Public Switched Packet Network Architecture - GSM with GPRS GMSC PSTN Circuit Switched Traffic MSC MAP A-bis ‘A’ HLR/AUC GPRS Register Peer Elements BSC BTS GPRS Register H/VLR PCU MAP Gb SGSN SGSN Packet Traffic Gn GGSN GGSN Gi

  10. Routeing info HLR Mobililty Management Session Management - QoS - Security - Attach/Detach External Data Domain MAP Signalling MAP Signalling (GGSN) (SGSN) BSS PCU SGSN Internet Intranet BSS PCU GGSN Client BSS PCU SGSN BSS PCU Client BSS PCU - Routing - Signalling - Resource Mgt. Servers What IS an SGSN/GGSN

  11. BTS BSC GSN Gb Abis PCU The Packet Control Unit (PCU) MAC GPRS Function Packet Switching CCU RLC • RLC • Segmentation/Re-assembly • ARQ • MAC • Multiplexing (different mobiles) • Contention resolution (u/l) - QOS related • Scheduling/queueing (d/l) - QOS related

  12. Agenda AGENDA Why Packet? GSM/GPRS Architecture What is EDGE? Deployment Issues Standards Terminal Classes GPRS Applications

  13. GPRS Rate Code Rate CS1 9.05kb/s 0.5 CS2 13.4kb/s 0.66 CS3 15.6kb/s 0.75 CS4 21.4kb/s 1.0 GMSK (1 bit/s/symbol) EDGE Rate Code Rate MCS1 8.8 kb/s 0.53 MCS2 11.2 kb/s 0.66 MCS3 14.8 kb/s 0.80 MCS4 17.6 kb/s 1.00 GMSK (1 bit/s/symbol) EDGE = GMSK + PSK Rate Code Rate MCS5 22.4 kb/s 0.37 MCS6 29.6 kb/s 0.49 MCS7 44.8 kb/s 0.76 MCS8 59.2 kb/s 1.00 8-PSK (3 bit/s/symbol) Coding Rates for GPRS & EDGE EDGE - Key Aspects • A new modulation Scheme • - 8PSK • 200 KHz Channel spacing • - unchanged • Symbol rate unchanged • - 270k symbol/s • BUT • - 3 bits/symbol

  14. ( ) % Cell Area Covered C S log2 1+ = I B 100 80 60 40 20 Data Rate / Time Slot 0 1 Interference Limited Case 8.8 11.2 14.8 17.6 22.4 29.6 44.8 59.2 2 Conditions: • Speech Coverage 12dB C/I • 4/12 Re-use • No SFH • 10 % Block Erasure Rate EDGE - Coverage vs Data Rate EDGE Coverage Relative to Speech 1,2 Shannon’s Law • Higher Date Rate Requires • - More RF Bandwidth • - More C/I • For EDGE additional C/I • - 7 - 10 dB

  15. PathStandardsDelayEquipmentSpectrumB/WCoverage2 Now GSM x4 Now HSCSD 1 Q1 ‘99 x4 GPRS 1 x20 Q1 ‘00 EDGE 1 x40 UMTS* Q1 ‘00 Evolution Paths for GSM * Whole Carrier 1 4 time Slots 2 Interference Ltd

  16. Agenda AGENDA Why Packet? GSM/GPRS Architecture What is EDGE? Deployment Issues Standards Terminal Classes GPRS Applications

  17. One Retransmission Two Retransmissions Effect of ARQ 100 No Retransmission 80 60 40 20 0 8.8 11.2 14.8 17.6 22.4 29.6 44.8 59.2 (kb/s) • Assumes 4/12 reuse and speech coverage at 12 dB C/I (no SFH)

  18. Voice packets lost bit/s Data in spare voice B/W Capacity Average Voice t 20 ms* x1 2 ms* Packet Switch BSC PCU x10 Voice Over IP Bandwidth vs Delay Cost PSTN PPDN GMSC GGSN SGSN MSC XCDR Voice over Packet Voice over Circuit BTS ? ? • Over Dimension Transmission • - delay budget • QoS Management • Transmission • MSC Costs • Transcoders • Transmission • IP Routers • Media Gateways

  19. BSC PCU The Service provider Server IP Address PSTN PPDN GMSC GGSN SGSN MSC GPRS SERVICE IMPLEMENTATION - Client Server based - Very fast rollout - Multiple sources for Application development - Each service is stand alone - cannot corrupt others - Matched to Web implementation XCDR GSM SERVICE IMPLEMENTATION - MSC based - Slow rollout (regression testing) - Service lost on roaming - New Service introduction - potentially corrupts all services - Tied to MSC vendor BTS Phone (Client)

  20. PSTN Server PPDN 4 Single MSC/ + BSS Supplier 4th Supplier - Service Framework GMSC GGSN 1 3 SGSN MSC 3rd Supplier - GPRS Core Network ‘A’ Gb XCDR XCDR Iu BSC PCU BSC RNC 5 BTS BTS NODE B NODE B 5th Supplier - UMTS RAN 2 UMTS RAN 2nd Supplier - BSS GPRS- Opportunities for Competition

  21. GSM UMTS UMTS UMTS Islands of Coverage UMTS Server Data GPRS/EDGE Data UMTS Service CELLULAR COVERAGECELLULAR SERVICE • Services at edge of network • - transport via GSM or UMTS • Service Transparent to Transport • - between operators • - between media (copper, mobile etc.,) • - A few services • - will run less well on GPRS/EDGE • Islands of UMTS coverage • - small cell size • - demand driven • Wide area coverage • - GPRS or EDGE • Dual mode UMTS/GSM handsets

  22. Client/Server will be the Service Solution • Opportunities for Competition • UMTS Ready • Large number of Application Developers • Service Re-use on UMTS • Sell Service on Value not Cost - Speed of service deployment - UMTS will require for cost effective deployment - No disruption to speech service - No longer ‘tied’ to switch vendor - Re-use of GPRS core network - Competition - Speed GPRS Threats and Opportunities

  23. Agenda AGENDA Why Packet? GSM/GPRS Architecture What is EDGE? Deployment Issues Standards Terminal Classes GPRS Applications

  24. PSTN Server PPDN GMSC GGSN GPRS Core Network SGSN MSC Gb Upgraded MSC Network XCDR Iu Interface RNC To GSM BSS NODE B NODE B UMTS RAN Standards Issues Iu - One Logical Interface - Two Physical Interfaces

  25. Agenda AGENDA Why Packet? GSM/GPRS Architecture What is EDGE? Deployment Issues Standards Terminal Classes GPRS Applications

  26. GPRS Terminal Types Type A: Can support circuit and packet calls concurrently. Type B:This type of phone can support circuit or packet (not both together) and can be registered for both…i.e. an IP address and a PSTN number. Type C:This type of phone can only be registered for packet OR circuit but not both.

  27. Multislot Maximum number of slots Type class Rx Tx 1 1 1 1 2 2 1 1 Tx and Rx not concurrent COMPLEXITY FACTOR 3 2 2 1 4 3 1 1 5 2 2 1 Low Medium High 6 3 2 1 7 3 3 1 8 4 1 1 9 3 2 1 10 4 2 1 11 4 3 1 12 4 4 1 Tx and Rx Duplex 13 3 3 2 14 4 4 2 15 5 5 2 16 6 6 2 17 7 7 2 18 8 8 2 19 6 2 1 Tx and Rx separate frames 20 6 3 1 21 6 4 1 22 6 4 1 23 6 6 1 24 8 2 1 25 8 3 1 26 8 4 1 27 8 4 1 28 8 6 1 29 8 8 1 GPRS Terminal - Multi-Slot Classes

  28. Agenda AGENDA Why Packet? GSM/GPRS Architecture What is EDGE? Deployment Issues Standards Terminal Classes GPRS Applications

  29. E-Commerce -Key Enablers • Dual Slot Phones • SIM Toolkit • - some services now • WAP,MExE • - full network interaction • - in the future

  30. Finance Banking On-line transactions Clearing House Application Providers Loyalty Cards Banking Shopping Promotions Content News Weather Sport Internet Certificate Authority PLMN Mobile Transactions Financial / Banking Corporate / Operator Applications Retailers Dual-slot mobile phones (SIM Toolkit) Merchant Transactions VPN e-mail Cost control Intranet E-commerce E- Commerce Over GPRS

  31. The End

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