Antiterrorism / Force Protection NWP 3-07.2

1. Antiterrorism / Force ProtectionNWP 3-07.2 This briefing is UNCLASSIFIED

2. Overview • Definition of Terrorism • Force Protection • Defense Conditions • Terrorism Threat Levels • Phases of Terrorism • Terrorists Tactics • CT/CI Centers • Navy AT/FP Program

3. Definition • Department of Defense Definition of “Terrorism” • The calculated use of violence or threat of violence to instill fear; intended to coerce or to intimidate governments or societies in the pursuit of goals that are generally political, religious, or ideological. • Combating Terrorism involves actions including: • Antiterrorism– defensive measures • Counterterrorism– offensive measures

4. Types of Monitoring Conditions/Levels

5. Force Protection Conditions (FPCON) • FPCON ALPHA – when there is a general threat of possible terrorist activity against personnel and facilities and the nature and extent of which are unpredictable • FPCON BRAVO – when an increased and more predictable threat of terrorist activity exists. This measure must be capable of being maintained for weeks without causing undue hardship, affecting operational capability, and aggravating relations with local authorities • FPCON CHARLIE – when an incident occurs or intelligence is received indicating some form of terrorist action against personnel and facilities is imminent • FPCON DELTA – applies in the immediate area where a terrorist attack has occurred or when intelligence has been received that terrorist action against a specific location or person is likely.

6. Terrorist Threat Level • Low No terrorist group is detected or the group activity is non-threatening • Moderate Terrorists are present but there are no indications of anti-US activity • Significant Anti-US terrorists are present and attack personnel as their preferred method of operation, or a group uses large casualty producing attacks as its preferred method but has limited operational activity • High Anti-US terrorists are operationally active and use large casualty producing attacks as their preferred method of operation

7. Defense Condition (DEFCON) • DEFCON 5 Normal peacetime situation exists • DEFCON 4 Tensions exist which require greater military vigilance • DEFCON 3 Tensions exist which may have serious and adverse effects on U.S. interests • DEFCON 2 Situations exist which are directly susceptible to foreign exploitation by hostile action or other situations exist which are susceptible to hostile exploitation, either which could seriously threaten US forces overseas, US allies, or areas vital to US national interests. • DEFCON 1 International relations have deteriorated to such a degree that measures must be taken to achieve maximum readiness. Significant strategic and/or tactical indications of hostilities exist against US forces overseas, US allies, or the US or its possessions. War is imminent.

8. Phases of Terrorism • Terrorism six-step process • Phase One - Target Options • Phase Two - Selection Surveillance • Phase Three - Target Selection • Phase Four - Detailed Surveillance • Phase Five - Training and Preparation • Phase Six - The Attack

9. Terrorists Tactics • Common Terrorists Tactics • Assassination • Arson • Bombing • Hostage Taking • Kidnapping • Hijacking or Skyjacking • Seizure • Raids or Attacks On Facilities • Sabotage • Weapons of Mass Destruction (WMD) • Information Warfare (IW)

10. Tasking The Intelligence Community National Intelligence Community DOD Intelligence Centers Navy Intelligence Assets Regional Intelligence Centers Priority Intelligence Requirements/Requests For Information Unit Intelligence Products

11. National CT/CI Centers • Director of Central Intelligence, Counterterrorism Center (CTC) • Lead center in U.S. to fight against terrorism • Interagency Intelligence Committee on Terrorism (IICT) • Forum for coordination and cooperation on CT issues • Bureau of Intelligence and Research (INR) • Primarily serve U.S. diplomatic corps; ensure intelligence activities are consistent with U.S. foreign policy • Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) • Responsible for detecting and counteracting foreign intelligence activities that affects U.S. national security

12. DOD CT/CI Centers • Defense Intelligence Agency (DIA) Office of Counterterrorism, Threat Warning Center (TWC) • TWC is the coordinating office for DIA on terrorism

13. Command and Regional CT/CI Centers • Joint Forces Intelligence Command (JFIC) – Located in Norfolk, VA • Joint Analysis Center USEUCOM (JAC) – Located in Molesworth, UK • Joint Intelligence Operations Center USCENTCOM (JIOCCENT) – Located in Tampa, Florida • Joint Intelligence Operations Center USPACOM (JIOCPAC) – Located in Pearl Harbor, Hawaii

14. Service Sponsored CT/CI Centers • Naval Criminal Investigation Service (NCIS) – has primary investigative and counterintelligence jurisdiction for the Navy • NCIS has an AT/FP program that collects and analyzes information about possible threats and advises commanders on how to best defend against them • Navy Antiterrorist Alert Center (ATAC) – is the centerpiece for of the Navy’s efforts to counter terrorist threats, located in Washington D.C. • Army Counterintelligence Center (ACIC) – provides timely, accurate, and effective counterintelligence and terrorism analysis support to the Army • Air Force Office of Special Investigation (AFOSI) – counters the threat to Air Force security posed by hostile intelligence services and terrorist groups

15. CT/CI Organizations National Counterterrorism Center / IICT Defense Intelligence Agency Bureau of Intelligence Research Federal Bureau of Investigation Command and Regional Centers Service Centers JAC ACIC JIOCCENT NCIS JFIC AFOSI JIOCPAC

16. BLUE DART • There is a need to inform threatened units in a timely manner • BLUE DART messaged are disseminated when intelligence indicates that a specific, imminent, and credible terrorists threat exists • Require acknowledgment by immediate message by all action addressees, acknowledged by immediate precedence

17. Consequence Management • Phase One – Impacts and Consequences: Potential impacts and consequences of an incident focusing on worst case scenarios for a particular facility or unit • Example = Multi-level building with severe damage or collapse, trapped personnel • Phase two – Resources Required: Resources required to respond to consequence and impacts of Phase One; where requirements exceed resources, mitigating actions are taken • Example = Resources needed to rescue trapped personnel in collapsed building; using non-DOD assets • Phase Three – Training and Exercise: Once a consequence management plan has been developed, personnel must be trained and the plan must be practiced

18. Navy AT/FP Program • The Navy AT/FP program: • Purpose is to ensure Navy forces remain mission capable at all times • Focuses on preventing terrorist attacks on Navy assets and personnel through education and training • Combating terrorism is the responsibility of every individual in the Navy

19. Questions? • This briefed was prepared with information derived from: NWP 3-07.2