1 / 55

嵌入式 系統 training - HT32F175x275x

嵌入式 系統 training - HT32F175x275x. 袁世一 逢甲通訊系. Outline. Embedded system vs. … Clock Control GPIO – General purpose I/O Counter Interrupt AFIO – Alternate Function I/O. Embedded system vs. …. So, programming in Embedded system different from … care about special purposes

prem
Download Presentation

嵌入式 系統 training - HT32F175x275x

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. 嵌入式系統 training- HT32F175x275x 袁世一 逢甲通訊系

  2. Outline • Embedded system vs. … • Clock Control • GPIO – General purpose I/O • Counter • Interrupt • AFIO – Alternate Function I/O

  3. Embedded system vs. … • So, programming in Embedded system different from … • care about special purposes • care about memory • care about HW considerations • care about COST

  4. 上課預計時程 *希望7/1進度可以提前，以增加7/3的程式說明時間

  5. Clock control(7/1) • 基礎 ARM 時脈概念 • HT32F125x 時脈控制單元 (clock control unit, CKCU) • 範例程式

  6. General ARM clock concept • 時脈是控制嵌入式系統動作同步的訊號 • ARM為:系統晶片SoC(System on Chip) • 許多功能區塊整合在IC內部 • 連在不同的Bus(匯流排)上，以提升IC效能 • 不同Bus可以使用不同的時脈 • Bus種類: 高/低速bus • AHB: High speed bus • APB: Low speed (Peripheral) bus

  7. ARM 時脈種類 • HSI & LSI – High/Low speed Internal RC oscillator • HSI： • 系統預設時鐘，內部RC振盪 • 可以直接作為系統時鐘或作為PLL輸入(PLL=HSI/2) • 精度較差 • LSI： • 內部RC振盪 • 低功耗時脈源 • 可以在停機和待機模式下保持系統運做 • 提供看門狗和自動喚醒單元時脈 • HSE & LSE – High/Low speed External crystal • HSE：外部振盪器 • 提供非常精確的主時鐘 • LSE：低速外部晶體 • 一般專門用於RTC

  8. PLL – phase lock loop(倍頻/除頻) • prescalers/multiplexers(倍頻/除頻設定) • System clock (CK_SYS) -> AHB/APB • gating(停止某些電路功能)

  9. Clk setup: 以PLL設定為例

  10. CKCU Registers 設定舉例 • Global Clock Configuration Register (GCFGR) • 32 bits • specifies clock source for PLL/USART/Watchdog Timer/CKOUT circuits • 使用C即可 • 如需深入了解，請見SPEC中Registers說明 CKCU_APBPerip0ClockConfig(CKCU_APBEN0_AFIO, ENABLE); CKCU_APBPerip0ClockConfig(BUTTON_GPIO_PIN, ENABLE);

  11. GPIO – General purpose I/O(7/1) • ARM GPIO 架構 • ARMIO 控制

  12. ARM GPIO architecture • 32個GPIO Pin • PA0～PA15 / PB0～PB15 • 其他功能腳位也可以分享GPIO port來增加功能的彈性 • 透過相關的組態暫存器的設定

  13. GPIO控制 • 方向：輸入 OR 輸出 • 輸入腳位控制 • 弱拉升/弱拉降 • 輸出腳位控制 • 推拉式控制 OR 開汲極 • 推動電流強度 • 類比/數位 (AFIO控制)– 之後會說明 • 組態鎖定

  14. RESET(或初供電)時GPIO之預設值 • 均為input • 無拉升/拉降電阻 (no pull-up/pull-down) • 例外: • PA9(拉降)、PA10 (拉升) 、PA13 (拉升) 、PA14 (拉升) • For boot/debug

  15. GPIO Registers設定舉例 • Port A Data Direction Control Register (PADIRCR) • 32 bits • control the direction of the GPIO Port • 同時脈設定，使用C即可 • 如需深入了解，請見SPEC中Registers說明 GPIO_DirectionConfig(KEY1_BUTTON_GPIO_PORT, KEY1_BUTTON_GPIO_PIN, GPIO_DIR_IN); GPIO_DirectionConfig(LED1_GPIO_PORT, LED1_GPIO_PIN, GPIO_DIR_OUT);

  16. 程式範例 int main(void) { system_init(); while(1) { x = read_input_pin; write_output(x); } } while(1) { TmpStatus = GPIO_ReadInBit(WAKEUP_BUTTON_GPIO_PORT, WAKEUP_BUTTON_GPIO_PIN); GPIO_WriteOutBits(LED1_GPIO_PORT, LED1_GPIO_PIN, TmpStatus); TmpStatus = GPIO_ReadInBit(KEY1_BUTTON_GPIO_PORT, KEY1_BUTTON_GPIO_PIN); GPIO_WriteOutBits(LED2_GPIO_PORT, LED2_GPIO_PIN, TmpStatus); TmpStatus = GPIO_ReadInBit(KEY2_BUTTON_GPIO_PORT, KEY2_BUTTON_GPIO_PIN); GPIO_WriteOutBits(LED3_GPIO_PORT, LED3_GPIO_PIN, TmpStatus); } }

  17. 程式範例 int main(void) { … CKCU_APBPerip0ClockConfig(CKCU_APBEN0_AFIO, ENABLE); CKCU_APBPerip0ClockConfig(DVB_GpioClock[WAKEUP_BUTTON_GPIO_ID], ENABLE); … HT32F_DVB_GPxConfig(WAKEUP_BUTTON_GPIO_ID, WAKEUP_BUTTON_AFIO_PIN, WAKEUP_BUTTON_AFIO_MODE); … GPIO_DirectionConfig(WAKEUP_BUTTON_GPIO_PORT, WAKEUP_BUTTON_GPIO_PIN, GPIO_DIR_IN); … GPIO_InputConfig(WAKEUP_BUTTON_GPIO_PORT, WAKEUP_BUTTON_GPIO_PIN, ENABLE); … //5: 3 output pins … while(1) { … } } • system_init: • Enable APB clock • enable APB clock for 3 pins • connect 3 pins to GPIO function (Port, Pin, Func) • 3 pins’ GPIO as Input • enable 3 pins • same as 1-4 for 3 output pins • loop • x=read input • output x -> y • Too many codes • see code example

  18. Practice • Target • 使用for, 控制LED閃爍 • 讀取按鈕值, 控制LED閃爍 • 按一次亮, 再一次暗 • 讀取按鈕值, 控制LED閃爍的開始/停止 • 按一次開始閃爍, 再一次停止閃爍

  19. Counter(計數器)(7/2) • HT32Fx has 4 counters: • GPTM0/1: General Purpose Timer 0 & 1 • BFTM0/1: Basic Function Timer 0 & 1

  20. Counter • This training uses BFTM0 • Two method: • loop method – this training • Interrupt method – next training • BFTM需要設定： • Counter Reg: up counter • Compare Reg: max value • Status Reg: Counter==Compare • Use C-lib

  21. Counter loop programming • clock Init, LED(GPIO) Init • BFTM setting • max value • sysCLK: 1sec • sysCLK/2: 0.5sec • counter value (=0) • BFTM as OneShot • loop(1) • start BFTM (enable) • wait for BFTM.status change • toggle LED int main(void) { CKCU_APBPerip1ClockConfig(…); HT32F_DVB_LEDInit(LED2); BFTM_SetCompare(BFTM1, SystemCoreClock); BFTM_SetCounter(BFTM1, 0); BFTM_OneShotModeCmd(BFTM1, ENABLE); while (1) { BFTM_EnaCmd(BFTM1, ENABLE); while (BFTM_GetFlagStatus(BFTM1) != SET); BFTM_ClearFlag(BFTM1); HT32F_DVB_LEDToggle(LED2); } }

  22. Counter programming • Interrupt counter control: • Training latter

  23. Interrupt(7/2) • Interrupt concept • ARM NVIC • sample code

  24. Interrupt concept • 中斷是一個訊號，會促使電腦改變其正常的運作流程。 • 在接收到來自外部硬體信號之後，CPU將進行相應的硬／軟體處理 • 發出的信號稱為中斷請求（interrupt request，IRQ） • IRQ導致CPU執行資訊切換（context switch）來保存執行狀態 • 中斷會將控制權轉換到中斷處理常式(Interrupt Service Routine, ISR) • 軟體中斷則為CPU指令集中的一個中斷指令

  25. 種類 • 狀態觸發 • 邊沿觸發 • 中斷向量表 • 中斷向量表包含數個中斷向量，每個向量包含中斷處理程序的起始地址

  26. 中斷處理過程 • 外部硬體信號發出IRQ • CPU結束執行上一個機械碼 • CPU同意中斷 • CPU儲存CPU執行狀態 • CPU取得中斷位址 • CPU執行ISR • ISR執行完成 • CPU取得中斷前CPU執行狀態 • CPU繼續執行原本程式

  27. ARM NVIC • NVIC– Nested Vectored Interrupt Controller • Interrupt Number: 31 peripheral Int • Interrupt Types: • USART, SPI, I2C • Timer (BFTM, GPTM) • ADC, Comparator, • GPIO input • WakeUP signal, RTC, Low Vdd • Clock (HSE, HIS, LSE, LSI, PLL) • Priority: configurable, 16 levels NVIC_EnableIRQ(BFTM0_IRQn);

  28. Counter Interrupt programming int main(void) { CKCU_APBPerip1ClockConfig(…); HT32F_DVB_LEDInit(LED1); NVIC_EnableIRQ(BFTM0_IRQn); BFTM_SetCompare(BFTM0, SystemCoreClock/2); BFTM_SetCounter(BFTM0, 0); BFTM_IntConfig(BFTM0, ENABLE); BFTM_EnaCmd(BFTM0, ENABLE); while (1) { } } • clock Init, LED(GPIO) Init • BFTM_INT unmask • BFTM setting • max value • sysCLK: 1sec • sysCLK/2: 0.5sec • counter value (=0) • BFTM Interrupt enable • begin BFTM • loop(1) do_nothing(); //in ht32f…_it.c: // Interrupt service routing (ISR): void BFTM0_IRQHandler(void) { HT32F_DVB_LEDToggle(LED1); BFTM_ClearFlag(BFTM0); }

  29. AFIO – Alternate Function I/O(7/3) • 擴大GPIO 的靈活性 • GPIO外設功能 • 每個GPIO腳 • 配置為有四個不同的功能(設置GPxCFGR暫存器) • 根據IP 資源的使用情況和應用需求，可以使用週邊I/O 映射機制來選擇合適的功能

  30. AFIO 功能

  31. AFIO 功能

  32. Example: ADC • Set AFIO to ADC • Set ADC to get Analog data from potentionmeter(電位計)

  33. HT32FADC 特性 • 12-bitADC • Sample rate: Up to 1 uS/S • 8 external channels • 2 int_ref_voltage:Vssa & Vdda • sampling time for each channel • Three conversion modes • One shot • Continuous • Discontinuous • 8 dedicated sequencers and data registers • Triggered by • Software • external interrupt • GPTM (MTO and PWM CHnO) • Interrupts for ... • Single conversion end • Subgroup conversion end • Cycle conversion end • Analog Watchdog • Data register overwrite

  34. Function descriptionsConfiguration • ADRST [0] = 1: ADC reset • Clock setup: • CK_ADC = APB_PCLK • ADC Trigger • ADCTCR (Trigger Control Registers) • ADTM    = ADCTCR[2]: GPTM enable • ADEXTI  = ADCTCR[1]: EXTI enable • ADSW   = ADCTCR[2]: SW enable • ADCTSR (Trigger Source Registers) • GPTME = ADCTSR[26:24]: GPTM Event selection (all at rising edge_ • 0: GPTM MTO • 1-4: CH0-CH3 • GPTMS = ADCTSR[18:16] GPTM selection • 2/3 = GPTM0/GPTM1 • ADEXTIS = ADCTSR[11:8] : EXTI line selection • 0-F: EXTI line 0-15 • ADSC = ADCSTR[0]:  • set: SW Event begin once • reset: automatic when this ADC complet

  35. Data save register • ADCDRn (n=0-7) • flag ADVLDn goes to 1, automatically , if ADCDRn is valid  • flag ADVLDn goes to 0,  automatically, if ADCDRn is read • if ADCDRn not read and overwrited by another ADC round, ADIAWO of ADCIRAW = 1 • Status Flags • ADIRAWO = ADCIRAW[24]: data register overwrite error  • ADIRAWS = ADCIRAW[2]: register: single sample finish • ADIRAWG = ADCIRAW[1]: register: sub-group  finish • ADIRAWC = ADCIRAW[0]: register: cycle (group)  finish

  36. Interrupt  • ADIMASKO  = ADCIMSK[24]: ADC Data overwrite INT mask • ADIMASKC  =   ADCIMSK[2]: cycle (group) finish INT mask • ADIMASKG  =   ADCIMSK[1]: sub-group finish INT mask • ADIMASKS  =   ADCIMSK[0]: single ADC finish INT mask • Trigger begin: • SW trigger: ADSC of ADCTSR (when start ADC, ADSC reset) • 5 GPTM trigger: MTO (master), 4 GPTM-CHn (n=0-3) • EXTInt trigger: • setup: ADEXIS register - EXTInt (n=0,1) • ADEXTI=1

  37. Sample time: • ADSTn of ADCSTRn[7:0] (n=0-7): • sampling time of channel n • T_conv = Tsample + Tlat • (conversion time, sampling time, latency) • Tasmple  = ADSTn + 1.5 cycle • minimum Tlat = 12.5 cycle • Example: • CK_ADC = 14MHz, ADSTn = 0      • Tconv = 1.5 + 12.5 = 14 cycles (=1us)

  38. Turn off ADC: ADCEN reset • Interrupt setup • All flags are set by SW for clearing, and automatically reset by HW • ADCICLRO = ADCICLR[24]: ADC Data overwrite INT Clear • ADCICLRC = ADCICLR[2]: cycle (group) finish INT clear • ADCICLRG = ADCICLR[1]: sub-group finish INT mask clear • ADCICLRS = ADCICLR[0]: single ADC finish INT mask clear

  39. Sample Code int main(void) { USART_Configuration(); //for PC Enable_ADC_IRQ(); ADC_Clock_Enable(); AFIO_PIN6_SetTo_ADC(); ADC_Configure(ContinuousMode, 1 channel, sample rate, SW_trigger); ADC_enable(); begin_ADC(); while (1) { /* Output gPotentiometerLevel if needed. */ printf("\rPotentiometer level is %d %% ", (int)gPotentiometerLevel); } }

  40. USART_Configuration void USART_Configuration(void) { USART_InitTypeDefUSART_InitStructure; USART_InitStructure.USART_BaudRate = 115200; USART_InitStructure.USART_WordLength = USART_WORDLENGTH_8B; USART_InitStructure.USART_StopBits = USART_STOPBITS_1; USART_InitStructure.USART_Parity = USART_PARITY_NO; USART_InitStructure.USART_Mode = USART_MODE_NORMAL; HT32F_DVB_COMInit(COM1, &USART_InitStructure); }

  41. Enable_ADC_IRQ NVIC_EnableIRQ(ADC_IRQn);

  42. ADC_Clock_Enable /* Enable peripheral clock of ADC */ CKCU_APBPerip1ClockConfig(CKCU_APBEN1_ADC, ENABLE); CKCU_APBPerip0ClockConfig(CKCU_APBEN0_AFIO, ENABLE); /* ADCLK frequency is set to 72/64 MHz = 1.125MHz */ CKCU_SetADCPrescaler(CKCU_PCLK_DIV64);

  43. AFIO_PIN6_SetTo_ADC /* Config AFIO mode as ADC function */ AFIO_GPAConfig(AFIO_PIN_6 , AFIO_MODE_1);

  44. ADC_Configure /* Continuous Mode, Length 1, SubLength 1 */ ADC_RegularGroupConfig(ADC, CONTINUOUS_MODE, 1, 1); /* ADC Channel 6, Rank 0, Sampling clock is (1.5 + 0) ADCLK Conversion time = (sampling clock + 12.5) / ADCLK = 12.4 uS */ ADC_RegularChannelConfig(ADC, ADC_CH_6, 0, 0); /* Use Software Trigger as ADC trigger source */ ADC_RegularTrigConfig(ADC, ADC_TRIG_SOFTWARE);

More Related