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Exploring Symbiotic Relationships and Ecosystem Dynamics in Ecology

In this engaging ecology lesson, students will explore the intricate interactions between living organisms and their environments. They'll learn about symbiotic relationships, including mutualism, commensalism, and parasitism, through real-world examples like giraffes and oxpeckers. The lesson also covers biotic factors, ecosystems, and the importance of friendships in human life. Interactive video content will illustrate these concepts, helping students to grasp how different species coexist and mutually benefit from their relationships or how one may harm another.

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Exploring Symbiotic Relationships and Ecosystem Dynamics in Ecology

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  1. Do Now 1. Arctic foxes live in very cold climates. Which of the following is a biotic factor that may impact them? a) Cold temperatures b) Heavy snow c) Strong wind d) Number of lemmings (their prey) 2. You discover a group of oxen and birds that live in the same area. This is an example of a(n) a) ecosystem b) biosphere c) population d) biological community 3. Think about friendship. What are some benefits that you get from friendships?

  2. Unit 9: EcologyHow do living things Interact with their surroundings?

  3. Today’s Objectives • SWBAT differentiate between different forms of symbiotic relationships

  4. Video 1: Giraffes & Oxpeckershttp://animal.discovery.com/tv-shows/animal-planet-presents/videos/top-10-odd-animal-couples-the-giraffes-oxpecker.htm • Video is not embedded; use the link above

  5. Video 1: Giraffes & Oxpeckers • How did the relationship between the two organisms help the giraffe? • How did the relationship between the two organisms help the bird? They have harmful ticks removed. They get a free meal!

  6. Symbiotic relationships (Symbiosis) What are they? When two different species live closely together

  7. Symbiotic relationships (Symbiosis) Three types of symbiosis: • Mutualism • Commensalism • Parasitism

  8. Mutualism What is it? An interaction between two species that benefits both. (“win-win”)

  9. Mutualism Example: Flowers and insects The insects help spread pollen to make new plants. The flowers give the insects food

  10. Commensalism What is it? An interaction between species that benefits one and does not harm the other. Yay! I don’t mind!

  11. Commensalism Example: The remora fish and a shark The remora fish suctions on to the shark for a free ride. The shark doesn’t mind!

  12. Parasitism What is it? One organism benefits but the other organism is harmed. Alright! Boooo!

  13. Parasitism Example: Mistletoe and Trees Mistletoe is a plant that latches on to trees and steals food from them. The mistletoe benefits, but the tree is harmed.

  14. >> Check for understanding Looking back at the video, what type of symbiotic relationship are the giraffe and the oxpecker in? Explain. Mutualism, because BOTH organisms benefit!

  15. Predation: NOT a symbiotic relationship! Predation is when a predator seeks out and eats another organism (called a prey) Don’t get confused with parasitism

  16. Video 2: The tongue-bitershttp://animal.discovery.com/tv-shows/animal-planet-presents/videos/top-10-odd-animal-couples-the-giraffes-oxpecker.htm • Video is on the Animal Planet website

  17. Video 2: The tongue-biters • What type of symbiotic relationship do the snapper and the “tongue biter” have? How do you know? • What type of symbiotic relationship do you have with the bacteria in your mouth? How do you know? Parasitism, because one organism (the tongue-biter) benefits, while the other is harmed Mutualism, because you both benefit!

  18. Exploring symbiosis With your group, go to each station and decide what type of symbiotic relationship exists in each situation You have 90 seconds to decide!

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