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Totalitarian Leaders: Mussolini, Stalin, Hitler

Explore the rise and reign of Mussolini, Stalin, and Hitler, the totalitarian leaders of the 20th century. Learn about their countries, strategies to stay in power, and infamous legacies.

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Totalitarian Leaders: Mussolini, Stalin, Hitler

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  1. Totalitarian Leaders

  2. Mussolini: Country/Year to Power: Italy 1922-1945 Political Party: Fascist Came to Power: March on Rome-demanded to be named Prime Minister by King Victor Emmanuel Nickname: Il Duce Secret Police: Black Shirts

  3. Mussolini: Strategies used to stay in Power: • Strengthened the military • Invaded Ethiopia to show power • Partnered with Hitler • Used propaganda and censorship

  4. Stalin: Country/Year to Power: USSR 1928-1953 Political Party: Communist Came to Power: Lenin died. Stalin named the successor after having Trotsky exiled to Mexico and later executed Nickname: Man of Steel Secret Police: Checka

  5. Stalin: Strategies used to stay in Power: • 5 Year Plans • Increased industry • Improved farming and transportation • Used propaganda and censorship • Created Collectives (large farms) and the Kulaks (wealthy farmers) resisted • The Great Purge- killing of political opponents

  6. Hitler: Country/Year to Power: Germany 1933-1945 Political Party: Nazi Came to Power: Elected Chancellor of the Weimar Republic-within a year names himself dictator. Creates the Nazi Party. Nickname: DerFuher Secret Police: Gestapo/SS Storm Troopers

  7. Hitler Strategies used to stay in Power: • Anti-Semitism (“against the Jew”) • Nuremburg Laws • Hitler Youth • Kristallnacht (“night of broken glass”) • Mein Kampf (“my struggles”)-manifesto • Final Solution- exterminate Jews from Europe (Holocaust)

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