How Nutrients Become You

1. How Nutrients Become You

2. Food, Nutrients, and Energy • Six Nutrient Groups: • Carbohydrates • Fats • Proteins • Vitamins • Minerals • Water

3. The Functions of Nutrients Essential nutrients from food are used to: * build and repair body tissues * regulate all body processes * provide energy

4. Chemistry of Nutrients • Five of the basic nutrient groups are compounds: • Carbohydrates • Fats • Proteins • Vitamins • Water • Minerals are elements.

5. The Energy Value of Food • The energy value of food is measured in units called kilocalories. • 1 gram of carbohydrates = 4 kilocalories of energy • 1 gram of fat = 9 kilocalories of energy • 1 gram protein = 4 kilocalories of energy • Water, vitamins, and minerals do not yield energy. • The more calories in a food, the more energy it will provid.

6. The Digestion Process • Digestion is the process by which your body breaks down food, and the nutrients in food, into simpler substances. • Mechanical digestions happens as food is crushed and churned. • Chemical digestion is when food is mixed with powerful acids and enzymes.

7. Digestion • As food is digested, it passes through a muscular tube leading from the mouth to the anus. This tube is called the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. • Each section performs important functions.

8. Sections of the GI tract • The mouth • The esophagus • The stomach • The small intestine • The large intestine

9. Absorption of Nutrients • Absorption is the passage of nutrients from the digestive tract into the circulatory of lymphatic system. • Some nutrients can dissolve in water. They are called water-soluble nutrients. • Some nutrients can dissolve in fat. They are called fat-soluble nutrients.

10. Digestion • Digestion Video

11. Assignment • Read text pages 43-50 (up to metabolism). • Answer questions on page 56. • #’s 1 – 9. Due tomorrow.