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Ottoman Decline: Sources, Wars, and Consequences

Explore the decline of the Ottoman Empire from territorial limits and economic woes to leadership challenges and cultural stagnation. Learn about key battles and diplomatic events shaping its history.

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Ottoman Decline: Sources, Wars, and Consequences

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  1. Ottoman Decline, 1600-1798

  2. I. Introduction • Retreat

  3. II. The End of Expansion • War with the Holy League, 1571-1573 • Lepanto (1571) • Cyprus (1573)

  4. II. The End of Expansion • Political Discontent • Recovery 1. Koprulu Dynasty (1656-1691)

  5. III. Retreat A. Austro–Ottoman War • Battle of Vienna (1683) • Treaty of Karlowitz (1699)

  6. III. Retreat B. Russian Ambitions • War with Russia, 1711-1713 • War with Russia and Austria, 1736-1739 • War with Russia, 1768-1774 • Annexation of the Crimean Khanate, 1783 • War with Russia, 1787-1792

  7. IV. Sources of Ottoman Weakness A. Territorial Limits • One Army

  8. IV. Sources of Ottoman Weakness C. Economic Problems 1. Loss of Trade • Capitulations • French Alliance • Inflation • Fiscal Consequences

  9. IV. Sources of Ottoman Weakness • Poor Leadership • Succession Changes • The “Gilded Cage” • High Living • Ibrahim “the Mad” (1640-1648) • Rise of the Vezirs

  10. IV. Sources of Ottoman Weakness • Declining Institutions • End of the Devshirme • Bakhshish • Military • Sipahis • Janissaries

  11. IV. Sources of Ottoman Weakness F. Cultural Stagnation and Technological Stasis

  12. Selim II the Sot

  13. The Battle of Vienna, 1683

  14. The Ottoman Empire, 1683

  15. V. Conclusion • The "Eastern Question"

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