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American Government Essentials Review

A comprehensive review covering key aspects of the U.S. government, from political issues to individual rights, laws, and freedoms, with a focus on safety, economy, welfare, and more.

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American Government Essentials Review

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  1. PIG FINAL EXAM REVIEW A to Z test

  2. Safety protection agencies • FDA • OSHA • EPA • Protect the consumer

  3. Demands the govt makes on all citizens • Obey Laws • Pay taxes if applicable • education

  4. How does the govt control the economy • Federal reserve adjusts interest rates • Minimum wage • Taxation • Spending • Monoplies are illegal

  5. Types of licences • Teacher • Nurse • Doctor • Haircut • Liquor

  6. Public assistance • Food Stamps • Social Security • HUD • Medicaid • Medicare • Section 8

  7. Controlled substances • Narcotics • Guns • Alcohol • Marijuana • Toxic waste • Garbage • Tobacco • Money

  8. Political issues of today • CRIME- most important • Unemployment • Health care • Terrorism • War in Iraq • Environment

  9. YOUR 3 RIGHTS AS STATED IN THE DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE • LIFE • LIBERTY • PROPERTY

  10. CORNERSTONES OF AMERICA • LIBERTYEQUALITY • JUSTICEWELFARE

  11. LIFE • YOUR RIGHT TO HAVE YOUR BODY (CORPUS) PROTECTED • YOU HAVE THE RIGHT TO MOVE IT AROUND • 8TH AMENDMENT PROTECTS YOUR BODY FROM CRUEL AND UNUSUAL PUNISHMENT • THE #1 RESPONSIBILITY OF THE GOV’T IS SAFETY AND SECURITY

  12. PROPERTY • YOUR BODY IS YOUR PROPERTY, YOU OWN IT. • YOU OWN YOUR BODY FLUIDS, UNTIL THEY ARE TAKEN AWAY • YOU OWN YOR CELL PHONE • YOU DO NOT OWN YOUR DRIVER LICENSE, IT IS A PRIVLEDGE

  13. LIBERTY • THIS MEANS MOBILITY • YOU HAVE THE RIGHT TO MOVE YOUR BODY • ALSO, MOBILITY TO READ A BOOK • ALSO, MOBILITY OF THOUGHT-CHOICE- YOUR MIND • (playboy example) (handicapped parking ex)

  14. JUSTICE • Justice is proportional- this means the punishment fits the crime. • But “justice for some” is the case sometimes

  15. WELFARE • This means the gov’t helps with your quality of life • To “promote general welfare” =care for you • Have a high quality of life (you have your teeth) • Reason everyone in the country has to be educated, even illegal aliens • (Piler v Doe) Texas • ADA- American with Disabilities Act- Ted Kennedy • Equal is not identical but …. Social=acceptance=we are all equal as citizens • Health Care Refer Bill!!

  16. LAW VERSUS RULE • LAWS ARE MADE TO PROTECT • RULES ARE MADE TO RESTRICT

  17. RIGHT VERSUS PRIVELEGE • RIGHT-YOU ONLY HAVE 3: LIFE, LIBERTY, PROPERTY • PRIVLEDGE- IS GRANTED TO YOU, IT CAN BE TAKEN AWAY • Ex-going to crossgates is a privilege • Tinker vs Desmoins-can not wear armbands, it interferes with the learning of others • Your Driver License

  18. SUBJECT VERSUS CITIZEN • CITIZEN- HAVE A VOICE • have rights, are free A MEMBER OF A NATION WHO OWES ALLEGIANCE TO IT BY BIRTH OR NATURIZATION AND IS ENTITLED TO FULL CIVIL RIGHTS • SUBJECTS- NAMELESS FACELESS MASSES • No voice, can not protest

  19. GOALS OF THE PREAMBLE:mission statement of the constitution • 1. Perfect union • 2. Domestic tranquility • 3. Justice • 4. Defense • 5. Welfare • 6. Liberty

  20. WHO is Who • President- Obama • Vice Pres- Joe Biden • Sec of State- Hillary Clinton • Speaker of House- Nancy Pelosi • NYS Senators- Chuck Schumer and Kirsten Gillebrand • 21st district Rep Paul Tonko • NYS Governor- David Patterson • President Pro Temp- Robert Byrd

  21. Federalism Sharing of Power between the FEDERAL AND STATE Governments

  22. SUNSHINE Laws making govt documents available to the public, freedom of information SUNSET Laws that expire on a given date, forcing congress to revisit the issue LAWS

  23. FREEDOMS IN THE BILL OF RIGHTS • 1. RELIGION • 2. SPEECH • 3. PRESS • 4. ASSEMBLY • 5. BEAR ARMS

  24. 26TH AMENDMENT • SET VOTING AGE AT 18 –BECAUSE OF DRAFT ISSUES IN 1960’S, IF YOU CAN GO TO WAR AT 18, YOU SHOULD BE ABLE TO VOTE!

  25. VOTING • 1. GO TO YOUR POLLING PLACE • 2. ABSENTEE BALLOT

  26. POLITICAL PARTY • A GROUP OF PEOPLE WHO HAVE A COMMON INTEREST: THEIR MAIN GOAL IS TO CAPTURE THE PRESIDENCY • THEY WANT TO WIN ELECTIONS • DEMOCRAT/REPUBLICANS

  27. HOUSE OF REP 25 YRS OLD US CITIZEN FOR 7 YRS LIVE IN YOUR STATE 2 YEAR TERM SENATE 30 YEARS OLD CITIZEN 9 YEARS LIVE IN YOUR STATE 6 YEAR TERM HOUSE AND SENATE REQUIREMENTS

  28. PUBLIC POLICY: Common Good • Laws written for the public good or need • Based on quality of life for people • We are a “highly developed nation”

  29. KINDS OF TAXES • FEDERAL EXCISE TAX • STATE SIN TAX • PROPERTY ESTATE TAX • SALES • SCHOOL • SOCIAL SECURITY • CITY TAX

  30. SALES TAX • HOW THE STATE MAKES MOST OF ITS MONEY • ½ OF STATES REVENUE GENERATED HERE

  31. LOBBY GROUP (INTEREST GROUP) • AN ORGANIZED GROUP OF PEOPLE WHO WORK TOGETHER TO SUPPORT A CAUSE WHO WANT TO INFLUENCE LAWMAKERS TO PASS LAWS IN THEIR FAVOR. • PETA • NRA • AARP • COALITION FOR THE HOMELESS • NAACP • AMA • AFL-CIO

  32. PAC- POLICAL ACTION COMMITEE • Legal entities set up by interest groups to collect and spend funds for political purposes:to elect or defeat a candidate • Corporations can’t support political candidates cut PACs can

  33. LINE OF PRESIDENTIAL SUCCESSION • President • Vice pres • Speaker of the house • President pro temp • Secretary of state

  34. CABINET • A group of presidential advisors who provide info on any subject relating to the duties of their office

  35. 15 cabinet departments • Agriculture • Commerce • Defense • Education • Energy • Health and human services • Homeland Security/FEMA • Housing • Interior • Labor • State • Transportation • Treasury • Veterans affairs • Attorney general

  36. GW’S CABINET • Thomas Jefferson-Sec of state • Alexander Hamilton- Sec of Treasury • Henry Knox- Sec of War • Edmund Jennings Randolf- Atty General

  37. FEMA • Federal Emergency Management Agency • Here to support citizens and are first responders (KATRINA) to help recover from hazards like earthquakes, floods, fires. • State must ask for help first

  38. BOBBY KENNEDY LAW OF 1967 • Postal revenue and salary act of 1967 • President can not appoint relatives to paid executive positions

  39. COURT LEVELS • Federal-Supreme Court, US Court of APPEALS • State- NYS Court of Appeals • Local- Colonie town court

  40. Supreme court • Chief : John Roberts • Woman: Ruth Bader Ginburg, Sonia Sodamayer • African American: Clarence Thomas

  41. COMMON LAW • Law developed by judges through court decisions • Ex: sexual harassment law

  42. STATUTORY LAW • Written law • Written by legilature • Ex: murder in first degree

  43. 14th amendment • Civil Rights Amendment

  44. Topianism’s • We are a nation based on mercy • What's done in the dark always comes to light • Justice for some • Sunshine is the best disinfectant • Equal is not identical • The truth never changes

  45. Civil law

  46. Constitutional law

  47. Criminal law

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