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Causes of Evolution & Diversity in Organisms: Genetic Variation & Environmental Factors

Explore the ways genetic variation and environmental factors drive evolution and organism diversity. Understand how evidence from geology, fossils, and comparative anatomy forms the basis of evolutionary theory. Examine how species extinction relates to adaptation mismatches and environmental challenges. Learn key terms such as species, evolution, variation, adaptation, gradualism, and punctuated equilibrium. Discover the concept of natural selection and how acquired characteristics differ from it. Evolution is a result of random mutations leading to adaptations over time. Environmental pressures like space, food, and predators influence the process. Evidence for evolution includes fossils, aging, embryology, homologous structures, vestigial structures, and DNA.

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Causes of Evolution & Diversity in Organisms: Genetic Variation & Environmental Factors

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  1. 10. Give examples of ways in which genetic variation and environmental factors are causes of evolution and the diversity of organisms.11. Recognize that evidence drawn from geology, fossils, and comparative anatomy provides the basis of the theory of evolution.12. Relate the extinction of species to a mismatch of adaptation and the environment. Evolution/Adaptations MA Curriculum Strands

  2. Define the following: • Species • Evolution • Variation • Adaptation • Gradualism • Punctuated Equilibrium

  3. Describe Natural Selection • See page 159. • Copy the Table 1 and summarize

  4. Compare and Contrast Acquired Characteristics with Natural Selection 1.Organisms have more offspring, much more than can survive. 2. Variations occur among the species. Ex: different colored fur on rabbits 3. Variations are passed to offspring. (Babies) 4. Some variations are helpful… those with these variations have a reproductive edge. 5. Over time individuals w/variations dominate the population…become a separate species Natural Selection Hypothesis: Acquired Characteristics Characteristics developed during a parent’s lifetime will be passed to the offspring. Ex: bodybuilders creating a muscular child-False Both explain how organisms change over time! Same

  5. Evolution Summary • Evolution is the result of random mutations in a species. • Mutations = Variations • Helpful variations = Adaptations • Adaptations give organisms an advantage and they reproduce and pass these traits down and eventually dominate and over very long periods of time become a new species. • Environmental pressures = Space, food, predators. • Can be a slow or rapid process

  6. Evidence for Evolution • Group 1 • Fossils 165 - 166 • Group 2 • Aging & Embryology • 167 - 169 • Group 3 • Homologous • Vestigial Structures • DNA 170 -171

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