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Nutrition: Carbohydrates. Chapter 5 Lesson 2. Nutrients. Objective 1: Describe the functions of the six basic nutrients in maintaining health. Objective 2: List nutrients in a variety of foods.
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Nutrition:Carbohydrates Chapter 5 Lesson 2
Nutrients • Objective 1: Describe the functions of the six basic nutrients in maintaining health. • Objective 2: List nutrients in a variety of foods. • Objective 3: Explain the relationship between nutrition, health promotion, and disease prevention.
What is a Carbohydrate? • Carbohydrates (Carbs)- The starches and sugars found in foods. • Made up of carbon, oxygen, and hydrogen • The body’s preferred source of energy • Carbs provide, 4 calories per 1 gram
Carbohydrates • Your body uses the energy from the carbs everyday, for every task. • Depending on their chemical make-up there are 2 types; • Simple • Complex • 55-60% of your daily calories should come from complex carbs.
Simple Carbohydrates • What are simple carbohydrates? • Also know as EMPTY CALORIES • Sugars; fructose and lactose • Found primarily in fruit and milk • Most familiar; Sucrose • Found naturally; plants • Refined to make table sugar • Sucrose is also added to manufactured foods
Videos • Splenda • http://video.foxnews.com/v/3914230/sour-news • http://abcnews.go.com/Health/video/artificial-sweeteners-sweet-7392367 • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WbvD4oC-lyw • “Sugar counterfeits tricking your body.” • “Artificial sweetener, Splenda, harmful?”
Corn, Bad for you? How? • Article • Read quietly to yourself… • The vast majority of the high fructose corn syrup containing 55% fructose is used to sweeten carbonated soft drinks and other flavored beverages. Minor amounts are used in frozen dairy products. Essentially all foods listing “high fructose corn syrup” as an ingredient contain the syrup with 42% fructose. The 95% fructose corn syrup is becoming more common in beverages, canned fruits, confectionery products and dessert syrups. • “Now, a quarter of the 45,000 items in the average supermarket contain processed corn, often in the form of high-fructose corn syrup.” • That’s…11,250 products
Complex Carbohydrates • What are complex carbohydrates? • Starches • Found primarily in; whole grains, nuts, seeds, legumes and tubers (root veggies) • Did you know? • Your body must break down complex carbs to simple carbs before it can use them for energy
The Role Of Carbohydrates • Your body converts all carbs to Glucose • A simple sugar that’s the main source of energy for our bodies • The glucose that is not used is stored in the liver and muscles as a starch-like substance called; glycogen. • When your body needs more energy the glycogen is converted back to glucose. • Excess carbs taken in and not used are converted to body fat
Fiber, What is it? What does it do? • Is an indigestible complex carbohydrate that is found in tough, stringy parts of vegetables, fruits and whole grains. • Fiber helps move waste through the digestive system and helps prevent against constipation. • Why fiber reduces the risk of early death is unclear. Perhaps it's because fiber lowers levels of "bad" LDL cholesterol, improves blood glucose levels, reduces inflammation, and binds to potential cancer-causing agents, helping to flush them out of the body, says lead author Yikyung Park, a staff scientist at the National Cancer Institute. (article from us news.com)
Fiber • Did you know? • That if you eat enough fiber throughout your life, it can help prevent against heart disease! • It can also help control diabetes by reducing your blood glucose levels • Eat between 20-35 grams of fiber a day! • Sources • Fruit • Vegetables w/edible skins • Whole grains • Bran, cereal, oatmeal, brown rice
How to get the Proper amount of Fiber… • Start your day with a whole grain breakfast cereal; Oatmeal! • Choose whole fruit instead of fruit juice • Eat 5 servings of fruit and vegetables a day! • Select high-fiber snacks • Popcorn (no butter), raw veggies, nuts, apples, pears, peaches, plums (edible skin)
