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Making a Publication-quality Graph in SAS

Making a Publication-quality Graph in SAS. Bill O’Brien COLMR Analysis Guild Presentation February 15, 2013. Outline for presentation. A quick look at the Pacificare 30 day readmission measure. Visually examine one aspect of the performance of the model.

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Making a Publication-quality Graph in SAS

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  1. Making a Publication-quality Graph in SAS Bill O’Brien COLMR Analysis Guild Presentation February 15, 2013

  2. Outline for presentation • A quick look at the Pacificare 30 day readmission measure. • Visually examine one aspect of the performance of the model. • Show the steps to make the graph ready for journal submission.

  3. Pacificare Readmissions Measure • Endorsed by NQF • Logit(Pi) = а + b * RWi+ ei • Pi -> binary variable indicating if index admission i resulted in readmission (1) or no readmission (0) • RWi -> DRG weight for claim i

  4. Is DRG weight predictive of readmission? DRG RateType Rate 90 Actual 2.13% 90 Predicted 13.70% 605 Actual 13.97% 605 Predicted 13.70% 641 Actual 13.82% 641 Predicted 13.70% 688 Actual 17.45% • Predicted 13.70% [...] Model predicts anyone with DRG 605 has a 13.97% probability of readmission Patients with DRG 605 were readmitted 13.70% of the time.

  5. Illustrating correlation between predicted and actual outcome

  6. Default graph ods rtf; proc gplot data=analysis.graph1t; plot rate*DRG_order=RateType; run;quit; ods rtf close;

  7. This graph needs work • Size of chart area • Title • Axes scale, labels, units • Plot symbols • Legend • Horizontal lines • Font • Borders

  8. Size of chart area goptions device=gif hsize=7 vsize=4; ods rtf; proc gplot data=analysis.graph1t; plot rate*DRG_order=RateType; run;quit; ods rtf close;

  9. Title goptions device=gif hsize=7 vsize=4; ods rtf; title h=1 'Figure 1. Predicted and observed readmission rates for 718 DRGs in VA Hospitals, FY08'; footnote ; proc gplot data=analysis.graph1t; plot rate*DRG_order=RateType; run;quit; ods rtf close;

  10. Axes goptions device=gif hsize=7 vsize=4; ods rtf; title h=1 'Figure 1. Predicted and observed readmission rates for 718 DRGs in VA Hospitals, FY08'; footnote ; axis1 label=(a=90 'Readmission Rate'); axis2 order=1 to 718 by 1 label=('DRGs in Order of Predicted Rate') value=none major=none; proc gplot data=analysis.graph1t; plot rate*DRG_order=RateType /vaxis=axis1 haxis=axis2; format rate percent7.0; run;quit; ods rtf close;

  11. Symbols goptions device=gif hsize=7 vsize=4; ods rtf; title h=1 'Figure 1. Predicted and observed readmission rates for 718 DRGs in VA Hospitals, FY08'; footnote ; axis1 label=(a=90 'Readmission Rate'); axis2 order=1 to 718 by 1 label=('DRGs in Order of Predicted Rate') value=none major=none; symbol1 color=green width=1 value=x height=1; symbol2 color=blue width=1 value=dot height=1; proc gplot data=analysis.graph1t; plot rate*DRG_order=RateType /vaxis=axis1 haxis=axis2; format rate percent7.0; run;quit; ods rtf close;

  12. Legend legend1 label=('') value=('Observed Rate' 'Predicted Rate') position=(top left inside) across=1 down=2 cborder=black; proc gplot data=analysis.graph1t; plot rate*DRG_order=RateType /vaxis=axis1 haxis=axis2 legend=legend1; format rate percent7.0; run;quit;

  13. Legend (alternative) legend1 label=('') value=('Observed Rate' 'Predicted Rate') position=(bottom center outside) across=2 down=1; proc gplot data=analysis.graph1t; plot rate*DRG_order=RateType /vaxis=axis1 haxis=axis2 legend=legend1; format rate percent7.0; run;quit;

  14. Horizontal lines proc gplot data=analysis.graph1t; plot rate*DRG_order=RateType /vaxis=axis1 haxis=axis2 legend=legend1 vref=(.1,.2,.3,.4,.5,.6); format rate percent7.0; run;quit;

  15. Horizontal lines (understated) proc gplot data=analysis.graph1t; plot rate*DRG_order=RateType /vaxis=axis1 haxis=axis2 legend=legend1 vref=(.1,.2,.3,.4,.5,.6) cvref=ligr; format rate percent7.0; run;quit;

  16. Font goptions device=gif hsize=7 vsize=4 ftext=simplex;

  17. Borders goptions device=gif hsize=7 vsize=4 ftext=arial border; [...] proc gplot data=analysis.graph1t; plot rate*DRG_order=RateType /vaxis=axis1 haxis=axis2 legend=legend1 vref=(.1,.2,.3,.4,.5,.6) cvref=ligr noframe ; format rate percent7.0; run;quit;

  18. Does it work in grayscale? symbol1 color=dagr width=1 value=x height=1; symbol2 color=black width=1 value=dot height=1;

  19. Before and after

  20. Journal screenshot Am J Med Qual. 2012 Jul-Aug;27(4):341-4. doi: 10.1177/1062860611428091. Epub 2012 Feb 9. Inappropriate use of payment weights to risk adjust readmission rates. Fuller RL, Goldfield NI, Averill RF, Hughes JS.

  21. SAS code for reference goptions device=gif hsize=7 vsize=4 ftext=duplex border; ods rtf; title h=1 bold 'Figure 1. Predicted and observed readmission rates for 718 DRGs in VA Hospitals, FY08'; footnote ; axis1 label=(a=90 'Readmission Rate') ; axis2 order=1 to 718 by 1 label=('DRGs in Order of Predicted Rate') value=none major=none; symbol1 color=dagr width=1 value=x height=1; symbol2 color=black width=1 value=dot height=1; legend1 label=('') value=('Observed Rate' 'Predicted Rate') position=(bottom center outside) across=2 down=1; proc gplot data=analysis.graph1t; plot rate*DRG_order=RateType /vaxis=axis1 haxis=axis2 legend=legend1 vref=(.1,.2,.3,.4,.5,.6,.7) cvref=ligr noframe ; format rate percent7.0; run;quit; ods rtf close;

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