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Feral Pigs Feral Hogs Feral Swine Wild Pigs Wild Hogs Wild Swine Wild Boar Russian Boar European Boar Eurasian Boar Razo

Feral Pigs Feral Hogs Feral Swine Wild Pigs Wild Hogs Wild Swine Wild Boar Russian Boar European Boar Eurasian Boar Razorbacks Genus spp.: Sus scrofa Family: Suidae Non-native, invasive, exotic animal NOT WILDLIFE, Classed as “Vermin”. Feral Pigs or Swine

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Feral Pigs Feral Hogs Feral Swine Wild Pigs Wild Hogs Wild Swine Wild Boar Russian Boar European Boar Eurasian Boar Razo

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  1. Feral Pigs Feral Hogs Feral Swine Wild Pigs Wild Hogs Wild Swine Wild Boar Russian Boar European Boar Eurasian Boar Razorbacks Genus spp.: Sus scrofa Family: Suidae Non-native, invasive, exotic animal NOT WILDLIFE, Classed as “Vermin”

  2. Feral Pigs or Swine • Piglets: banded, spotted, belted & black (most common) • - Adults: black, brown, red, • spotted but generally • not “grizzled” looking • - Tails frequently curled.

  3. “Wild Boar & Eurasian Hybrids” • - Striped piglets • Grizzle-haired adults • tails straight, not curled • In Indiana (Photo 4/07 Law. Co.).

  4. All pelage colors possible but generally the younger animals brownish, eventually becoming darker or blackish & grizzled as they get older. Lawrence Co. 4/2007

  5. Grizzled hair, extended snouts, small hams (wt. forward), & striped young Wild boar in Warrick Co. 2003 Wild boar, Martin Co (Shoals) 2002 Sub adult, Jackson Co. 1997 Law. Co. 2001 Law/Jackson. Co. 1999

  6. Domestic Wild Boar Feral < 90º > 90º < 90º Angle of Occipital wall = 90º

  7. Depth of Dorsal Profile

  8. Lawrence Co. Yg boar 1996 Lawrence Co. Sow 2007 Elongated facial profile, grizzle pelage; skull from 2007 sow above

  9. Agricultural Concerns • Row Crop depredation: • Corn: pre-emergent, seedling, mature corn in fall • Soybeans: can’t digest, trails and trampling. • Wheat: spring grubbing/rooting • - Pastures and hayfields; grubbing & rooting activity • Damage to silage bunkers, round bales • Rooting/grubbing on pond dams & WRP levees • - Depredation on newborn calves, lambs, goats • Damage to trees, especially young trees (e.g., CRP plantings). • Damage to fencing. • Potential disease source for livestock and humans.

  10. Feral Swine : Management and Disease Surveillance Domestic and foreign animal diseases (FADs) of feral swine • Pseudorabies • Swine brucellosis • Bovine tuberculosis • Influenza • Tularemia • West Nile virus

  11. Feral Swine : Management and Disease Surveillance Domestic and foreign animal diseases (FADs) of feral swine • E. coli • Salmonella • Trichinosis • Streptococcus • Ticks, fleas, lice • Internal parasites • Toxoplasmosis and Trichinosis

  12. Feral Swine : Management and Disease Surveillance Domestic and foreign animal diseases (FADs) of feral swine • Classical swine fever • African swine fever • PRRS • Anthrax • Foot and mouth disease • Porcine circovirus

  13. Human health issues related to handling infected hogs. Some herds in Florida have a 50% Brucellosis infection rate.

  14. Feral Swine : Management and Disease Surveillance Feral swine disease surveillance • Locally based surveillance with national goals. • Classical Swine Fever is the focus • Development of DNA Profiles of source populations.

  15. Native Wildlife Impacts • Ground nesting birds and mammals (nests, dens, young) • (e.g., quail, turkey, grouse, songbirds, & rabbits) • Herptofauna & invertebrates • e.g., Copper-belly water snakes, box turtles, Crawfish frog, smooth green snake, Eastern spade-foot toad, etc. • Competition for foods (e.g., mast, grubs, invertebrates) • Habitat degradation, vegetation disturbance (e.g., wetlands, prairie fields, forest understory. • Will eat mushrooms and tubers/rhizomes of wild flowers.

  16. Water Quality Issues • Increased erosion, nutrient load, turbidity, bacterial & pathogen load in water sources (e.g., Salmonella, E. coli in CA irrigation sources led to national spinach recall). • Currently have wild hogs in the immediate watershed of John Hay Lake, water supply for Salem, IN. Cultural & Heritage Issues • Destruction to small rural cemeteries, Indian burial grounds, landscaping, septic fields, nature preserves, & historical sites. • - Destruction to ball fields, golf courses (especially greens), grass airfields, vehicle accidents, & landfills.

  17. Wallows in summer often associated with creek beds, sloughs, low, cooler areas; fecal matter and increased turbidity in streams

  18. Sassafras Tusk marking on cedar Bark stripping on cedar

  19. Spring and Summer Pasture and Hay field Grubbing

  20. Extensive hay and pasture field damage, disrupted soil wads prevent mechanical haying; losses high on alfalfa and clover fields. Interior corn field damage often not notice until harvest, just a few pigs can wallow down 1-2 acre areas in a short time. Especially high damage loss on popcorn & sweet corn.

  21. “Poor Man’s Grizzly Bear” Growing Economic & Recreation vested interests Increasing hunter desires for more feral hogs Current land sale promotion in Lawrence/Jackson Couties.

  22. In Indiana Known captive sources of wild boar, Lawrence and Jackson Co. Photo taken 2.24.09; ≥ 4 hogs visible from roadway “shooter” hogs for sale to release on your own land; From web advertisement Wild boar piglets for sale/trade that were either collected from shot sow or raised from adults in backyard pens

  23. Feral Swine Estimated Status 2009 Red Known breeding Established populations 2004 Since 2004 Orange Incidental Reports, Unknown status ? ? ? Mid 1990’s Early 1990’s

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