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Understanding Active Transport: Energy-Driven Cellular Movement

Learn about active transport as the process where cells expend energy to move particles against concentration gradients. Discover the role of ATP, carrier proteins, and processes like endocytosis and exocytosis.

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Understanding Active Transport: Energy-Driven Cellular Movement

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  1. Active Transport Ch 8

  2. It is possible for particles to travel in the reversedirection across the membrane and have particles travel from an area of ______ concentration to an area of_High_____ concentration, but in order to counteract the force of diffusion the cell must expend energy. This process is called _active transport_. Low

  3. Active transport is the movement of materials through a membrane ____________ a concentration gradient. Active transport requires ____________. AGAINST ENERGY

  4. high concentration low concentration

  5. The energy for active transport comes from ______(Adenosine Triphosphate) generated inside mitochondria. ATP

  6. This process requires specialized proteins, which are __________proteins to bind with the particle and transport it. Carrier

  7. Example: Sodium/Potassium pump in cell membranes. Sodium/Potassium Pump

  8. Summary of Passive and Active Transport: & Osmosis GREAT SUMMARIZER

  9. Thus, far we have talked about the movement of ________ particles traveling across the membrane. small

  10. However, __________ particles are able to cross to and do so by any of these four active transport processes: Large • 1) Exocytosis • 2) Endocytosis • 3) Pinocytosis • 4) Phagocytosis

  11. Root Greek or Latin meaning Endo- inside, within Exo- external, out Phago- eat Pino- drink

  12. EndocytosisvsExocytosis: BOTH REQUIREENERGY Largeparticles are transported across the membrane in membrane bound vesicles. Plasma membrane

  13. Endocytosis: • The process where a cell surrounds and takes____ material from its environments. • The particledoes not pass through the membrane, it is simply __________ and enclosed in engulfed

  14. Exocytosis: • The reverse process where materials are ____________ or secreted from a cell. • This is used to ____________and secreted substances (ex: hormones) produced by the cell. expelled rid wastes

  15. When exocytosis is getting rid of cell wastes, the process is called ___________ • When exocytosis is pushing useful substances out of the cell, then the process is known as ____________ excretion secretion

  16. Coming in Endocytosis Pushing out Exocytosis

  17. Pinocytosisvs.Phagocytosis Both take materials IN ENTER

  18. Pinocytosis: (DRINKS) • Pinocytosis is when the cell ________. • Pinocytosis deals with __________. • Pinocytosis is a process that is happening all of the time. pinches liquids

  19. Pinocytosis: • The liquid is enclosed in “vesicles”, formed by invagination of the plasma membrane. These vesicles then move into the cell.

  20. Phagocytosis: • Phagocytosis is when the cell _________ • Phagocytosis deals with _________. • Once the vesicle has formed, it travels into the cytoplasm where it will fuse with ___________ that will kill and digest the engulfed material. engulfs solids lysosome

  21. Phagocytosis: Used by white blood cells to engulf bacteria or infected cells • Phagocytosis is process the human body uses to destroy dead or foreign _______. cells

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