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Life in the 1960’s

Counterculture & Activism. Life in the 1960’s. HIPPIES. Counterculture. New Left movement (more liberal) “tune in, turn on, drop out” Hippies Drug experimentation (mainly pot & LSD) Lived in communes Non-conformist dress Anti-war Haight-Ashbury , San Francisco (Hippie Central)

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Life in the 1960’s

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  1. Counterculture & Activism Life in the 1960’s

  2. HIPPIES

  3. Counterculture • New Left movement (more liberal) • “tune in, turn on, drop out” • Hippies • Drug experimentation (mainly pot & LSD) • Lived in communes • Non-conformist dress • Anti-war • Haight-Ashbury, San Francisco (Hippie Central) • Rock Music • Beatles, Hendrix, Janis Joplin, Grateful Dead, etc. • Woodstock (1969) • Sexual Revolution • More casual sex, “shacking up”, the pill, etc.

  4. Discussion! • What do you think was the overall impact of the hippie/counterculture movement?

  5. Activism • Women’s Movement • Feminism- wanting political, economic, social equality for women & men • Betty Friedan wrote The Feminine Mystique • Discussing the ways in which women are encouraged to become housewives by society and opportunities for women outside of the home; did not “put down” women for choosing to be housewives, but encouraged them to define themselves as more than just their marriage or being a mother • National Organization for Women (NOW) Established in 1966 • Gloria Steinem– Journalist who advocated for women in politics; co-founder ofMs.Magazine (“a magazine created by women for women”) • 1972 Congress passes legislation for women • Ban on gender discrimination • Tax breaks for childcare

  6. Activism • Women’s movement continued: • Roe v. Wade, 1973 • Abortion is legalized (1st 3 months/trimester); women’s right to choose • Equal Rights Amendment • Ends Republican Motherhood • Not enough support around the country to pass – was 3 states short of ratification • Phyllis Schlafly • Conservative lawyer • Opposed to the feminist movement; did not agree with the more liberal ideas of feminism • Fought against the Equal Rights Amendment • Represented women in US society who valued more conservative values and traditions

  7. Discussion! • What do you think was the overall impact of the women’s/feminist movement?

  8. Other Activists • Ralph Nader • Unsafe At Any Speed • Consumer protection • Tom Hayden • Students for a Democratic Society (SDS) • Anti-war • Artists begin to call for government change • Joan Baez (anti-war, civil rights) • Bob Dylan (anti-war, civil rights)

  9. Latinos and Native Americans • Latinos • Hispanic population tripled from 3 Mil. To 9 Mil. by end of 1960s • Movement focused on workers’ rights • Unionized as United Farm Workers union (UFW) • Cesar Chavez– leader of UFW; non-violent protesting, strikes, boycotts • 1968 Bilingual Education Act • Provided funds to develop bilingual and cultural heritage programs for non-English speaking children • Native Americans • Gov’t tried relocation in 1954 • isolated areas to urban areas (didn’t work) • Termination policy – gov’t getting rid of reservations, ending sovereignty of Native tribes, and exemption from state laws • Believed Native Americans would be better off assimilated into mainstream US society • 1968 Pres. Johnson starts National Council on Indian Opportunities • American Indian Movement (AIM) – militant organization of Native Americans • Wounded Knee 2 (1973) • AIM led takeover at Wounded Knee, S.Dakota • Town seized, 11 people taken hostage, FBI shootout (2 dead)

  10. Caesar Chavez

  11. Discussion! • How did movements led by Hispanic Americans and Native Americans change US society?

  12. Environmentalism • Rachel Carson and Silent Spring • Warned of the dangers of using pesticides • Earth Day (4/22/1970) • Celebrates environmental awareness • Creation of the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) • Clean Air Act (passed in 1966; changes made in 1970, 1977, and 1990) • Designed to control air pollution in US and protect Americans from hazardous airborne contaminants • 3 Mile Island (Pennsylvania) • Reactor at the nuclear power plant overheated • Low level radiation escaped; 100,000 evacuated • Increased concerns about the effects of nuclear power

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