American Nuclear Society

1. American Nuclear Society Massachusetts Clean Energy Center November 28, 2012

2. MassCEC Statutory Mandate

3. MassCEC Eligible Customers • Source of funding is a Systems Benefits Change on ratepayers’ electric bill • Available for customers of IOUs and MLPs that opt-in

4. Agenda • Solar PV Basics • Solar PV Incentives • Solarize Massachusetts • Solar Hot Water Basics and Incentives

5. $18B Energy Dollars Flow Out of MA Annually Oil & Natural Gas - Canada Oil & Natural Gas - Middle East Natural Gas - U.S. Gulf Coast Natural Gas - Caribbean Coal – Colombia Oil - Venezuela

6. Massachusetts Retail Electricity Prices Source: EIA Form 826

7. Residential Project Trends

8. Is There Enough Sun In MA?

9. Installed Solar in MA • 174 MW of solar installed (as of 10/31/12) • Produces about ~198,151 MWh per year • This is equivalent to: • Removing 136,636 MT of CO2 • Removing annual emissions of over 26,000 cars • Visit EPA Greenhouse Gas Calculator http://www.epa.gov/cleanenergy/energy-resources/calculator.html

10. How do solar PV panels work? • NEED DIRECT SUNLIGHT! • Sunlight dislodges electrons in a layer of silicon • Electrons flow to layer that needs electrons • Metal contacts direct electricity from panel to wires

11. How Does Solar PV work on my house? Courtesy of NREL • Grid-connected projects can apply for Net Metering (utility meter spins backwards) • Power outage: Inverter shuts down, unless a battery-back up system is installed

12. What is Net Metering? • Credits generated when system is producing more than is being used • “Meter runs backwards” • Excess credits are carried over month-to-month indefinitely • Receive credits at almost full retail rate

13. How big a system do I need? • Avg. MA residence uses ~8,000 kWh/year • Electricity bill shows summary of prior year’s consumption • Incentives are designed for systems sized ≤ load • Efficiency or lower energy use allows for a smaller system! Back of the Envelope Calculation: 1 kW PV = approximately 1,200 kWh/year

14. What makes a good site? • Southern exposure • PV panels angled 30˚ – 45˚ • At least 4-6 hours of direct sunlight • Open roof area of ~100 sq ft per 1 kW • Open space for a ground or pole mounted system http://energy.ltgovernors.com/solar-energy-pv-systems-self-generation-make-your-own-power.html

15. Shading of Solar PV Systems • Initial site feasibility can be determined online through aerial images • Shading can significantly reduce the output of a system, changing the financials of a project • Installer is the expert in determining feasibility

16. What to do with a Non-Feasible Site • Consider energy efficiency • www.MassSave.com • Other renewable energy technologies • Solar Hot Water (www.masscec.com/solarhotwater)

17. Agenda • Solar PV Basics • Solar PV Incentives • Solarize Massachusetts • Solar Hot Water Basics and Incentives

18. Solar Incentives in Massachusetts www.house-power.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2009/12/iStock_000009001180XSmall.jpg

19. MassCEC Rebates • Any eligible PV system ≤ 15kW, rebate paid on first 5kW • Rebate ranges from $2,000 to $4,250 for 5kW system • Average rebate covers ~7% of installed cost Go to www.MassCEC.com/solar to learn more.

20. MassCEC Rebates (cont.) Moderate Home Value Adder Criteria Moderate Income Adder Criteria * 120% of median household income as determined by the US Census Bureau

21. MassCEC Rebates (cont.) • Minimum Technical Requirements • Equipment must meet certain standards • Required warranties • Panels have 20 year warranties • Inverters have 10 year warranties • 5 year workmanship warranty • 80% of optimal system production • Insurance • Incumbent on host customer to verify Installer insurance • Tax Questions • MassCEC will issue 1099s to all System Owners • Consult tax advisor with any questions about rebate taxability or other incentives

22. Solar Renewable Energy Certificates (SRECs) Electricity and SRECs can be, and often are, sold separately • SRECs Pathway • SRECs represent the “green” attributes of the renewable generation source • Utilities are required to purchase SRECs every year • 1 SREC = 1,000 kWh • Verified SRECs ensure that only one buyer can claim each SREC • Electricity Pathway • Electrons from all generation sources are physically the same • Cannot be tracked independently on the grid

23. SRECs (cont) • Small-scale project owners will work with SREC aggregators or brokers to sell SRECs to utilities • Projects installed in 2012 will be eligible to sell SRECs for 10 years • SRECs generally sell between $285 - $550/SREC • Monthly production reported to MassCEC’s Production Tracking System (PTS)

24. Assumptions: Simple Solar Ownership Model * Assumes qualification for the base rebate incentive and is eligible for federal and state tax incentives. Disclaimer: This financial analysis is only an estimate. Actual installed costs, savings, and revenues are subject to change and will be specific to individual projects.

25. Simple Solar Ownership Model Disclaimer: This financial analysis is only an estimate. Actual installed costs, savings, and revenues are subject to change and will be specific to individual projects.

26. Levelized Cost of Solar PV (w/o Financing) PV before Incentives Electricity Prices Cost of Electricity ($/kWh) PV after Incentives Years

27. Levelized Cost of Solar PV (w/ 5% Financing) PV before Incentives Electricity Prices Cost of Electricity ($/kWh) PV after Incentives 3rd Party Ownership Years

28. Agenda • Solar PV Basics • Solar PV Incentives • Solarize Massachusetts • Solar Hot Water Basics and Incentives

29. Goals of Solarize Mass • Increase education through community outreach • Introduce model to simplify process • Reduce installation costs • Reduce time to contract Drive down the cost stack Installation Installation Sales “Soft” Costs Equipment Costs “Soft” Costs Equipment Costs Average Solarize Mass

30. 2012 Solarize Massachusetts Basics • 17 Green Communities • 8 Installers • Tier Pricing (based on contracted capacity) • Limited time offer – Sign Ups through Nov 4, 2012

31. Solarize Mass Pricing Tier Pricing versus Average Price in Massachusetts Price ($/watt) * Price does not include any cost adders that may apply.

32. Solarize 2012 Final Metrics Cumulative Contracted Capacity Contracted Capacity (kW) Week of the Program

33. Total number of Projects more than DOUBLED

34. Agenda • Solar PV Basics • Solar PV Incentives • Solarize Massachusetts • Solar Hot Water Basics and Incentives

35. Solar Thermal Applications What can a SHW system be used for? • Domestic Hot Water • Pool Heating • Process Hot Water • Space Heating • Solar Assisted Cooling Urban Edge, Jamaica Plain What makes a good SHW application? • High hot water load • Minimal shading • Structure capable of supporting collectors • Space available for storage tank

36. How does solar thermal work?

37. Commonwealth Solar Hot Water Program • For any residential, multi-family or commercial building • Displace ANY fuel type • Two types of incentives offered: • Feasibility Study Grants (Commercial Projects Only) • Help building owners assess the potential benefits of installing a solar thermal system • Construction Rebates • Help system owners with the upfront capital costs of installing the solar thermal system • www.MassCEC.com/SolarHotWater

38. Thank you! Elizabeth Kennedy Program Director, Solar Programs MassCEC 55 Summer St., 9th Floor Boston, MA 02110 EKennedy@MassCEC.com