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Review: Next 3 slides

Topic: Solubility and Table G Do Now: label as soluble and insoluble 1. CH 4 2. AgCl 3. C 12 H 22 O 11 4. NaNO 3 5. KOH. Review: Next 3 slides. Water is often used as a solvent. Not everything dissolves in water. Soluble = dissolves in water = aq Insoluble = doesn’t dissolve in water

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Review: Next 3 slides

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  1. Topic: Solubility and Table GDo Now: label as soluble and insoluble1. CH42. AgCl3. C12H22O114. NaNO35. KOH

  2. Review: Next 3 slides

  3. Water is often used as a solvent Not everything dissolves in water • Soluble = dissolves in water = aq • Insoluble = doesn’t dissolve in water • Miscible = 2 liquids that dissolve • Immiscible = 2 liquids that don’t dissolve

  4. How can you tell….?!!!?? • Like Dissolve Like • Water is polar, so most polar compounds will dissolve in water • Things that dissolve in water • Soluble ionic compounds – use Table F • Acids - start with H except H2O H2O2 • ex HCl • Bases - metal + OH and NH3 • ex. NaOH • Polar covalent molecules • Remember polar = asymmetrical = poles nonpolar = symmetrical = no poles

  5. Determining if an ionic compound is soluble (aq) or NOT • LOOK AT TABLE F • LiOH • Cu(NO3)2 • AgCl2 • MgS • NaS2 • KOH • aq • aq • Insoluble = s • Insoluble = s • aq • aq

  6. Solubility = the max amount of solute that can be dissolved in a solvent • Factors that affect the rate a species dissolves • Increasing temperature • stirring (agitation) • Crushing (smaller particle size)

  7. Solubility • Many solidsand gases dissolve in water • As you increase the temperature, you can dissolve more solid • Does this work the same with gas? • NOT the same for gases – as you increase temp, gas molecules KE ? • To get gases dissolve, decrease temperature and increase pressure

  8. DEMO VIDEO

  9. Summary: Factors Affecting Solubility • Nature of the solvent and the solute: LIKE DISSOLVES LIKE • Temperature • Pressure (for systems with gases)

  10. Solubility curves show the relationship between solubility and temperature. • Can you guess which of these compounds are gases?! How do you know?!

  11. Reading a solubility curve! Table G tells you the max amount of solute you can dissolve in 100 g of H2O at a given temperature

  12. How much H2O is required to just dissolve 100 g NaNO3 at 20C? 89 g

  13. Problem: How much KCl will dissolve in 100g of water at 50C? 42 g

  14. On the line – saturated (full, cannot hold any more solute • Below the line – unsaturated (can hold more solute) • Above the line – supersaturated (holding more solute then it should – very unstable)

  15. Unsaturated solution

  16. Saturated Solution

  17. Supersaturated Solution (this picture is showing the addition of 100 g of glucose to 100ml of water at 250C) Note: at 250C, only 91g of glucose will dissolve in 100 ml of water Let’s see what happens

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