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Pâques Luc E. INRA-Orléans Unité AGPF

Larix decidua polonica in Western Europe First results from a joined European network of progeny trials. Pâques Luc E. INRA-Orléans Unité AGPF. Context. European larch shows a large intra-specific variation, Populations from Central Europe are of special interest (core of the gene pool),.

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Pâques Luc E. INRA-Orléans Unité AGPF

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  1. Larix decidua polonicain Western EuropeFirst results from a joined European network of progeny trials Pâques Luc E. INRA-Orléans Unité AGPF

  2. Context • European larch shows a large intra-specific variation, • Populations from Central Europe are of special interest (core of the gene pool), (from Schober 1981 and 1985, in Weisgerber and Sindelar 1992).

  3. Context Central Poland origins show original traits in terms of : • ecological flexibility • behaviour to drought stress • vigour • canker-resistance • wood quality But • stem form is mostly poor. Ex.Curnel et al. 2008 Results gained and published from IUFRO international trials with a limited set of provenances

  4. to broaden the geographic origin of the provenances, to get a better picture of the structuration of the genetic variability, to examine seed transfer possibilities from East to West, to confirm the interest of polish larch for wood quality and problems connected with stem straightness. to broaden the breeding population, to take benefits of polish larch properties in interspecific hybridization. Objectives

  5. Material & Methods • Joined cone collection by INRA & IBL in Mont Gory Swietokezyski in Dec.1987, • 157 open-pollinated progenies, randomly chosen (except distances and level of fructification), • in 4 autochtonous ‘stands’ (mainly old natural reserves). • material shared with IBL and SRFGx

  6. Field trials 8 progeny trials + 2 conservation plots 1994 1994

  7. Ecologically contrasting sites From less than 150 m up to 750 m asl. From very low up to high pH soils

  8. Survival Mortality (%) 7-10 yrs Globally a better survival than other populations & species Mortality (%) 14-15 yrs

  9. Sensitivity to drought ? 2003 heat-drought wave : Bort Top-dieback may be a serious problem for sudetan & polish larches

  10. Drought / growth cracks ? Higher frequency of stem cracks in polish larch on all sites

  11. Wind firmness Polish larch : nearly 50% stem damaged by wind throw

  12. Meria laricina A major recurrent problem in moist mild spring in Bort • Polish larch (but also other EL): high sensitivity • Hybrid larch & Japanese larch: low sensitivity

  13. Well…well… No mention of canker

  14. And growth… and straightness…?

  15. Experimental design Site preparation Spacing Thinning Traits assessed and timing Field trial networks and difficulties thinned thinned thinned

  16. Site ‘fertility’ 12-15 yrs Correction for spacing/ mortality/ thinning/ age assessment Polish sites more vigorous than FR/BE sites (up to 4x more BA MAI !!) ? In France, ratio of 1 to 3 among sites.

  17. Site ‘fertility’ Blue : 4-7 yrs /yellow : 10-14 yrs Blue: 10-14 yrs / yellow: 10-15 yrs (thinning in Bort & Croze)

  18. Relative performance of polonica vs sudetica and other larch taxa In France Height: polonica >= to other provenance or taxa Girth: idem but < to hybrids In Belgium (Height: polonica < to others) Girth: idem

  19. Stem straightness From J.Kowalczyk crooked straight Stem form: Worst on Polish sites Best on French sites

  20. Relative performance of polonica vs sudetica and other larch taxa • Globally polonica • < to hybrid larch, • < or = or > to sudetica • < or = or > to Japanese larch

  21. Summary

  22. But a large variability among progenies exists…

  23. Perspectives… Prog = crop on best 30 trees in PL stand SO = clonal seed orchard with best 30 clones

  24. Conclusions • Polonica larch is globally valuable for French conditions on most sites; questions about the Belgian sites • Perspectives for selection are favourable and needed (stem form) • Nevertheless care with regards to behaviour to some abiotic (heat/drought/wind) and biotic stress (Meria) is needed on susceptible sites (ex. Bort, Plachet).

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