Objectives

1. Section 3.2 How Stress Affects Your Body Thursday, February 20 Objectives List in order the three stages of the body’s response to stress. Identify four types of early warning signs for stress. Describe the relationship between stress and illness.

2. Exercise Ball Warm-Up • Overhead Squats x 10 • Oblique Side to Side x 10 • Back Extensions x 10 • Crunches x 10 • Goal Posts x 10 • Pushups x 10

3. Section 1 Reading Review Questions • What is stress? Explain how stress can be both positive and negative. • When do people experience stress? • What is meant by the term stressor? • List the four general types of stressors and give an example of each type. • List five stressful experiences that you have faced in the past two weeks. Next to each, note whether it was a positive or a negative experience for you.

4. Stressed Out: Stress Management 101 • http://50.62.143.146/hrm/web/jwplayer/video4_1.html

6. Health Stats Is there a relationship between stress and the risk of catching a cold? Predict why being in a prolonged stressful situation might increase the likelihood of getting a cold.

7. Stages of Stress The body’s response to stress occurs in three stages • the alarm stage • the resistance stage • the exhaustion stage

8. Alarm Stage Fight-or-Flight Response 6) Flow of blood to skin reduced. Sweating increases. 1) Adrenaline released into blood. 3 8 10 2) Heart rate and blood pressure increase. 2 7) Flow of blood to digestive system reduced. Digestion slows. More stomach acid produced. 4 3) Flow of blood to brain increases. 7 5 1 4) Breathing rate increases. 8) Pupils open wide. 9 5) More sugar released into blood. Ability of blood clot increases. 6 9) Muscles tense. More energy produced by cells. 10) Lump forms in throat as muscles contract.

9. Resistance Stage • During this stage, your body adapts to the continued presence of the stressor. • The work that your body does during the resistance stage uses up a lot of energy. As a result, you may become tired, irritable, and less able to handle any added stress.

10. Exhaustion Stage • Your body can no longer keep up with the demands placed on it. • Your physical and emotional resources are depleted. • Exhaustion occurs only if a stressor continues for a long time—usually weeks, months, or even years. The Science of Stress Video

11. Recognizing Signs of Stress

12. Stress and Illness Stress can trigger certain illnesses, reduce the body’s ability to fight an illness, and make some diseases harder to control. • Stomachaches • Asthma • Headaches • Lowered Resistance to Disease • Heart Disease

13. Practice: Warning Signs of Stress • Work with a partner at your table to complete the “Warning Signs of Stress” worksheet. • Be prepared to share with the class your responses.

15. Saturday Morning Cartoons TRIVIA • Who was Electra Woman’s partner? • Girl Wonder • Wonder Girl • Adventure Girl • Dyna Girl

16. Saturday Morning Cartoons TRIVIA • In the Fantastic Four, who replaced the Human Torch? • Herbiethe Robot • Ice Man • Shana of the Jungle • Thing

17. Saturday Morning Cartoons TRIVIA • Which TV show did not become a Saturday morning cartoon? • Gilligan’s Island • Green Acres • Star Trek • Happy Days

18. Saturday Morning Cartoons TRIVIA • Penelope Pitstop is constantly being chase by what bad guy? • Dick Dastardly • The Hooded Claw • Schmedley • Mutley

19. Quick Quiz How many of the following statements accurately describe how you think or behave? I need to be the best at everything I do. If something doesn’t go as planned, I feel like a failure. I tend to expect the worst in most situations. I want to be liked by everyone. I really enjoy competition. Review your responses. Then explain why you might be more or less likely to be under stress than others. Switch to QuickTake version of the quiz.

20. Responses to Stress Vary How you react to a stressor depends on how you assess the situation. • Is this situation a threat to my well-being? • Do I have the necessary resources to meet the challenge?

21. Stress and Personality Your personality influences your assessment of a situation.

22. Optimism and Pessimism • Optimism is the tendency to focus on the positive aspects of a situation. • Pessimism is the tendency to focus on the negative and expect the worst.

23. Aiming for Perfection • A perfectionist is a person who accepts nothing less than excellence. • There are ways to break the cycle and reduce your stress. • Accept that you cannot be perfect. • Take pride in the things you do well. • Don’t focus on your mistakes.

24. Resilience • The key factor in resilience is having the support of family and friends.

25. Take Control of Stress • You can do many things to keep stress under control. • It is important to distinguish between stressors that you can control and those that you cannot. • It is important to distinguish between stressors that you can control and those that you cannot.

26. Time Management Time wasters keep you from making the best use of the time you have to study.

27. Mental Rehearsal • In a mental rehearsal, you practice an event without actually doing the event. • The event takes place in your mind as you imagine yourself performing at your best. • You might rehearse every aspect of the event a few times over until you feel confident that you can perform it as imagined.

28. Reduce Tension Even when a stressor isn’t under your control, there are things you can do to reduce the stress. Physical Activity By doing something physically active, you provide your body with a healthy outlet for built-up energy. Relaxation The goal of relaxation techniques is to give your mind and bodya rest. Biofeedback With biofeedback, people learn to control one or more body functions by monitoring their body’s responses. The functions that they learn to control are ones that are often affected by stress, such as heart rate or blood pressure.

29. Change Your Thinking Sometimes you can reduce your level of stress by changing the way you think about stressors. Avoiding Negative Thinking One way to change your thinking is to replace negative thoughts with positive ones. Humor If you use humor carefully, it can be an effective tool for managing stress. But don’t use humor to cover up your true feelings.

30. Positive and Negative Thinking • As a group, brainstorm and record negative thoughts about each situation below. For each negative thought, brainstorm and record a positive thought. Discuss how the different thoughts would make you feel if you were in each situation. 1. A basketball player is about to take a foul shot. Negative Thoughts: Positive Thoughts: 2. A student walks out on a stage to give a speech. Negative Thoughts: Positive Thoughts: 3. Your teacher hands you a test and tells you to finish it in 30 minutes. Negative Thoughts: Positive Thoughts: 4. You suddenly remember that you left your wallet on a park bench. Negative Thoughts: Positive Thoughts:

31. Reach Out for Support • Sometimes the stress in your life becomes too overwhelming for you to handle on your own. • Sometimes all you need is someone to talk to. Sharing your problems can help you see themmore clearly. • Just describing your concerns to someone else often helps you to understand the problem better.