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Physical Requirements of Bacteria: A Comprehensive Overview

Explore the key physical requirements for bacteria survival: temperature, pH, water, oxygen, and light. Understand the optimal conditions for different bacteria types to thrive and learn how tweaking these factors can inhibit bacterial growth effectively.

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Physical Requirements of Bacteria: A Comprehensive Overview

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  1. MICROBIOLOGY – ALCAMO LECTURE: Physical Requirements of Bacteria

  2. Physical Requirements of Bacteria • In order to kill bacteria, you need to know what conditions they need to survive • Then if you take away what they need, death follows

  3. 1. Temperature • Each kind of MO has its own best temp. OK a little below or above = Optimum Temp, Minimum and Maximum • Reason: Enzymes only react at specific narrow temperature range

  4. Temperature Classifications: • Psychrophiles: 0 - 20C (0 - 70F) • Mesophiles: 20 - 40C (70 - 100F) • Pathogens: 37C (98.6F) • Thermophiles: 40 - 90C (100 - 200F)

  5. 2. pH • Refers to Acid/Base Balance • Acid = Free H+, Base = Free OH- • Scale: • Acid = 1 - 6 • Neutral = 7 • Base = 8 - 14 • Most MO grow best 6.4 – 7.5

  6. 3. Water • All organisms need water as solvent for chemical reactions • If water is drawn from cell, it dries out • 1 – 2% ions (salt) dries out most MO

  7. 4. Oxygen • Oxygen completes electrical circuit for respiration reactions “O” is last receiver of H+ = H2O • Most MO need air = Aerobic • Some MO have other enzyme system • No Air = Anaerobic • Some can be both = Facultative • Very low O2 requirement = microaerophilic

  8. 5. Light • Needed if photosynthetic (rare) • Absence of light needed by most MO

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