The Second World War The Build up

1. The Second World WarThe Build up 1919- 1939

2. Hitler’s Rise to Power • World War One Vet. • German Worker’s Party (Nazi party) • 1923 – tries to take Munich (Beer Hall Putsch) • 1932 – Nazi’s hold the most seats in the Reichstag • 1933 – Hitler is appointed Chancellor • 1934 – Reichstag is burnt to the ground (Nazi’s blame the communist’s) • Article 48 is passed • 1935 Hitler replaces Hindenberg as president (Total control of the government

3. Fascism • A movement emphasizing national and racial superiority and centralized, autocratic government headed by a dictator • Total obedience to the state • All opposition to the government is eliminated • Scapegoats to blame the failings of the nation • Return to the glory

4. Terms to know • Reichstag – German Parliament • Gestapo – German secret police (No restrictions) • Final Solution – Hitler’s systematic plan for the extermination of the European Jew • Mein Kampf – Hitler’s Biography • Blitzkrieg – Lightning War • SS – Hitler’s personal army (all swore an oath of Allegiance to Hitler • Wehrmarcht – German Regular Army

5. More Terms • Appeasement – satisfying reasonable demands of dissatisfied powers in order to maintain peace • Genocide – a deliberate mass murder of a particular, racial, political, or cultural group. • Pogrom – organized persecution or massacre of a minority group. • Totalitarian state – a government that aims to control the political, economic, social, intellectual, and cultural lives of it’s citizens

6. Cause 1 – Treaty of Versailles • Destroys German Economy • Blames Germany for World War One • Germany is angered about it’s treatment • Loss of Territory that was traditional German territory • Created The Weimar Republic (proportional representation) German government couldn’t address the countries needs

7. Cause 2 – The Depression • Just when it looked like the Western allies were ready to work with Germany and help them rebuild • Countries forced to focus on domestic issues • Looking like Western democracies and capitalism was about to fail • Allowed for Hitler, Stalin and Mussolini to go unchecked

8. Cause 3-Failure of the League of Nations • U.S. doesn’t join • France and England are too busy trying to pay off World War One so they can’t go it alone • 1927 – Mussolini invades Fiume (Yugoslavia) • 1933 – Japan invades Northern province of Manchuria • 1935 – Italy invades Abyssinia (Ethiopia) • 1935 – Hitler denounces the Treaty of Versailles • 1936 – Germany reoccupies the Rhine Land • 1938 – Germany takes the Sudetenland (Czechoslovakia) • 1939 – Germany invades Poland

9. Cause 4 -Policy of Appeasement • France and England wanted to avoid another war • They were not preparing for war • Neville Chamberlin goes to Munich to stop Germany from invading Czechoslovakia • He gives Hitler the Sudetenland with the promise that Germany will make no more territorial demands • “We must always demand so much that we can never be satisfied.” – Hitler • “England has been offered a choice between war and shame. She has chosen shame and will get war.” – Churchill.

10. The New War • Tanks, Airplanes, Aircraft Carriers, armored personal carriers • War has become mobile once more • Total War means everyone must do their part, but everyone is the enemy • Total Lives lost in World War Two 77 million vs. 8.8 million in World War One. • Majority of them non-combatants