Introduction to MIS

1. Introduction to MIS Chapter 3 Review Solving Business Problems

2. Object-Oriented Design • Encapsulation • Object Hierarchies • Inheritance • Polymorphism Account Object name: Number Beginning Balance Name Ending Balance Client Current Balance Manager Interest Rate Date Opened Object attributes/properties: Open Acct Accept Deposits Close Acct Withdrawal Pay Interest Object functions/methods: Savings Interest Rate Monthly Fees Checking Lowest Balance in Month Bad Check Charges Authorized Signature Pay Interest Compute Charges Print Quarterly Statement Print Monthly Statement Send Bad Check Notice Pay Interest Budget Saver Money Market Volume Fixed Fee Senior Citizen CD Student

3. Rolling Thunder Order Entry Process BikeSizes New order Order Entry Clerk Est. sizes Bicycle Retail data BikeTubes Retail Store Select Customer Choices Select Customer BikeParts Components Pricing

4. Rolling Thunder Manufacturing Process Frame Assembler Painter Paint BikeTubes TubeMaterial Build QOH Install Bicycle Customer BikeParts Components QOH Install Customer Transaction Ship Installer

5. Rolling Thunder Purchasing Process Purchase Order Purchase Items Components QOH Order Purchase Employee Payable Receive Manufacturer Transaction Manufacturer Dock employee

6. Some Classes for Rolling Thunder Customer Bicycle Customer BikeTubes Customer 1 * 1 SerialNumber CustomerID ModelType PaintID FrameSize OrderDate StartDate ShipDate ShipEmployee FrameAssembler Painter Construction WaterBottle… CustomName LetterStyleID StoreID EmployeeID … SerialNumber TubeName TubeID Length CustomerID Phone FirstName LastName Address ZIPCode CityID BalanceDue * 1 Components 1 ComponentID ManufacturerID ProductNumber Road Category Length Height Width Weight Description ListPrice EstimatedCost QuantityOnHand BikeParts SerialNumber ComponentID SubstituteID Location Quantity … * * * Manufacturer ManufacturerID ManufacturerName ContactName Phone … 1

7. A Systems Approach to Process Analysis • Systems • Input, Process, Output • Divide and Conquer • Goals and Objectives • Control and Feedback • Diagramming Systems • Common Systems Problems Basic Systems Input Output Process

8. System boundary: The Zoo Requests & Comments Suppliers Members Donors Visitors Money Animal Feed Invoices The Zoo Health Data Education Baby Animals Visitor Counts Other Zoos Registration Papers Educational Materials

9. Subsystems: The Zoo Donor & Public Relations Animal Care Manage Human Resources Produce Management Reports Manage Facilities

10. Goals and Feedback Process Input Output Goal Analyze Control Feedback

11. Data Flow Diagram Objects External Entity External Entity Process Data Store (file) Data Flow Data Flow Feedback and Control Data Feedback and Control Data

12. The Zoo: Level 0 zoo booster members public/ zoo visitors donors PR data receipts etc. other zoos & breeders money & requests public requests 4 animal care 1 donor and public relations receipts needs & budgets animal requests health research 2 produce mgt. reports specialist request animal status emp. schedule emp. reports maint. & building request 3 manage human resources hours, benefits, etc. specialist request maintenance schedule employees employee schedule 5 manage facilities pay data, requests Management reports Usage reports certification agencies management

13. adopt an animal files The Zoo: Level 1 public/ zoo visitors money & comments donors zoo booster members receipts newsletter notices, etc. PR data receipts etc. money & requests money & suggestions 1.2 handle donor requests 1.1 produce PR & outreach programs 1.3 org. booster services & meetings donor requests booster requests needs & plans money, data, visitor statistics donor lists public requests 1.4 track needs and donor programs needs & plans 1.5 produce accounting & reports expenses & budget needs & budgets animal needs public requests accounting reports

14. System Problems Do not include data flows between external entities. Drop the line or make one of the entities internal. warranty registration Manufacturer Customer orders purchase orders Sell Products Invoices sales receipt A process cannot be a black hole--data must flow out of the process. Maybe it should be a file instead. A process cannot invent data. It must have a data flow coming in to it. Store reports weekly report Save Reports Modify Reports daily sales Inventory list

15. Common Systems Problems • Defective subsystems • Wrong Data • Errors in Data • Missing feedback and control • Not responding to environment Receive Orders Check Customer Credit Check Orders for Errors

16. Solving Problems Solve the right problem Cause Feasibility Choose the right tools Divide the system Input Process Output Make decisions Customer response Employee response Consider consequences Test the system Detail Organization Schedule Plan implementation

17. Evaluating Projects • Does the project fit with business goals and management style? • Does the project improve the competitive position of the firm? • How long will any competitive advantage last? • What value or reward is created by the system? • What level of technology is needed to create the system? • experimental • leading edge • established • old-hat • What is the probability of technical success? • What is the probability of commercial success? • What are the costs involved in creating the system? • Monetary • Time • Additional capital, marketing and management

18. Good Business Analysis • Identify the root causes of problems. • Solid grasp of strategic components. • Identify the critical success factors. • Evaluate the financial implications. • Thorough discussion of implementation. • Realistic analysis of expected results. • Effect on future growth and continued development. • Effect on human resources. • Understanding of target markets.