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The Structure of the Atom

Learn about the structure of an atom, including atomic number, atomic symbol, mass number, and the Bohr-Rutherford model. Discover how to draw a Bohr-Rutherford diagram and understand the organization of electrons in energy levels. Watch a video clip on the periodic table.

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The Structure of the Atom

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  1. The Structure of the Atom

  2. Standard Atomic Notation(for a neutral atom) Atomic number Atomic symbol 35 Br 80 Mass number

  3. The Bohr-Rutherford Model • Nucleus • contains protons and neutrons • Orbits • electrons circle the nucleus in orbits • each electron orbit has a definite or maximum amount of electrons. • the first orbit has two electrons, the second orbit holds eight electrons, and the third orbit holds no more than eight electrons. Helium Atom • 2 positive protons in nucleus • 2 neutral neutrons in nucleus • 2 negatively charged electrons in the first energy level 2 He 4

  4. How to Draw a Bohr-Rutherford Diagram 14 Si 14 electrons and 14 protons • Nucleus • use the atomic number to determine the protons • subtract the mass number and atomic number to determine the neutrons • Draw in the energy levels - row # = # orbits • Add electrons following the 2-8-8-2 pattern for the first 20 elements 28 28-14 = 14 neutrons 14 p 14 n Mr. Dee Video Clip: Periodic Table

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