WHY A CAREER MANUFACTURING?

1. WHY A CAREER MANUFACTURING? Brent Strong Brigham Young University

2. What are the criteria for an occupation? • Enjoyable • Monetary • Contribution to society • Challenging • Good future • Good location • Let’s examine these in light of the Hierarchy of Human Needs as developed by Abraham Maslow

3. Maslow’s Hierarchy of Human Needs

4. Combining Maslow’s hierarchy and the criteria for a career Enjoyment/Good Location Challenging Contribution Good Future Monetary

5. Choosing a career • The best career will satisfy all of the Maslow Hierarchy levels • However, Maslow states that humans should satisfy the lower levels first and then move on to the higher levels • Therefore, let’s look at Manufacturing Engineering as a career beginning at the lowest level of needs

6. Career Requirement: Monetary reward Manufacturing engineering is here! Salary Level $$$ = Degrees (technical) that are in high demand: Engineering, Engineering Technology, Accounting, and a few other technical fields Bachelor Degree $$ = Degrees that lead directly to a job: Business, Nursing, Chemists, Physicists $ = Degrees that do not lead directly to a job: Humanities, Social scientists, Biologists

7. Career Requirement:Good Future “No other sector has done as much to create innovation, general prosperity and increased productivity than manufacturing” • Industry Week

8. The Future • Current and future stability depend upon: • Importance of the job to national interests • Importance of the job to company interests • Individual performance

9. History’s Lessons “I must study politics and war that my sons may have liberty to study mathematics and philosophy. My sons ought to study mathematics and philosophy, geography, natural history, naval architecture, navigation, commerce, and agriculture in order to give their children a right to study paintings, poetry, music, architecture, statuary, tapestry, and porcelain.” ― John Adams in McCullough, David, John Adams, Simon and Schuster (2000), pp. 236-7 Politics Science/busines Humanities

10. History’s Lessons Cultural Refinement Economic Stability (Manufacturing/Business) National Survival (Government and Stability)

11. Manufacturing in the U.S. • The manufacturing capability of the U.S. is the principal reason that the allies were successful in WWI and WWII • The prosperity of the post-WWII era is directly related to the strength of the manufacturing sector of the U.S.

12. U.S. is the Leader inManufacturing %

13. Manufacturing and ServicesAre we becoming an information society? • Segments of Society • Manufacturing (goods) • Services (which includes information services) • GDP • Goods (45%) • Services (55%) But, which has the greater impact overall?

14. Employment (number of people) Retail Mfg Health Travel Const Sci Trans Edu Ag ReEst Source: MEP Services has more jobs than manufacturing

15. Payroll in $ Millions(Combining employment and salaries) Mfg Retail Health Sci Const Trans Travel Edu ReEst Ag • Manufacturing salaries are 89% higher than retailing salaries

16. Manufacturing Contributions • Manufacturing is responsible for nearly two-thirds (62%) of all U.S. exports of goods and services. - Agriculture exports = $60 billion/year - Manufacturing exports = $60 billion/month • Manufacturing is responsible for three fifths of all industrial R&D

17. Manufacturing is critical to the creation of new jobs • Manufacturing is a process that adds value to a product • Adding value means that a raw material is converted, through manufacturing, into a material that have greater value • This implies that manufacturing companies purchase raw material from suppliers and then sell to customers • From the ultimate consumer standpoint, this entire series of companies is called the Supply Chain

18. The Supply Chain

19. Service Providers Agriculture, Forestry & Mining (Bulk Raw Feedstock Production) Manufacturing (Adds value to an Item) Distribution (Shipping, Warehousing, Wholesale & Retail Sales) Consumers (Work Force Labor Pool) Bulk Recycled Feedstock The Supply Chain

20. Relative Impact of Jobs Mfg support 422 Service support 147 100 Mfg 100 Service Source: MEP Manufacturing Creates 2.5 Times as Many Support Jobs as the Service Industry

21. Manufacturing Challenges • Reduce the cost of doing business • Level the playing field with other countries • A tax system that encourages innovation and investment • A workforce ready for the 21st Century workplace

22. A Ready Workforce

23. Caution…Skills Shortage Ahead • The job market for manufacturing engineers is red hot • In fact, all signs are pointing to a critical shortage in many sectors over the next few years • People with these skills are some of the most employable professionals in the country

24. Manufacturing Challenges • The shortage of manufacturing engineers means that many other kinds of engineers are converted into manufacturing engineers • 50% of Mechanical Engineers work in manufacturing during some portion of their careers • There is a difference between having an engineer in manufacturing and having a manufacturing engineer

25. Where will I be in the organization?

26. Industry titles from the manufacturing major (first job) • Manufacturing engineer • Quality engineer • Process engineer • Production supervisor • Production manager • Systems manager

27. Manufacturing Companies • Companies are divided into large and small according to the number of employees • Small companies have fewer than 500 employees

28. 100% 85% 67% 52% Small Manufacturers Account for:

29. Manufacturing Sector 55% 17% 14% 6% 7% 1% 86% of Mfgs. have less than 50 employees Source:: Work Force Services Jan06

30. Small Manufacturers • What are the special needs of small manufacturers? • Engineers who can become leaders

31. Wanted: Leaders for industry and business Incredible changes require a new breed of manufacturing engineer. No longer merely the manufacturing technician, the manufacturing engineer of tomorrow will be more expansive, more people oriented, more facilitation focused. The new manufacturing engineer must become a total enterprise strategist, tactician, and technician. [The new manufacturing engineer must become] a leader. Michael J. Termini

32. Creativity Social Sciences and Humanities Manufacturing Major Business Foundation of Science and Technology Manufacturing Shapes Leaders

33. "The illiterate of the twenty-first century will not be those who cannot read and write, but those who cannot learn, unlearn, and relearn." – Toffler, Alvin (author of Future Shock), quoted in Thorpe, Scott, How to Think Like Einstein, Barnes & Noble Books, Inc., 2000, p. 26. Your Responsibility

34. Manufacturing Contributions • Conclusions: • Manufacturing is the most important sector in the U.S. economy • Both large and small companies are important

35. Career Requirement:Contribution to Society

36. Contribution to Society = Society

37. Engineering/Science Language = math & physical sciences Social Sciences & Humanities Language = rhetoric & natural language Business Language = accounting = Key components of society = Society

38. Engineering/Science Language = math & physical sciences Social Sciences & Humanities Language = rhetoric & natural language Business Language = accounting = Key components of society = Society = Integrative discipline Manufacturing Language = Synthesis and Integration

39. Engineering/Science Language = math & physical sciences Social Sciences & Humanities Language = rhetoric & natural language Business Language = accounting = Key components of society = Society = Integrative discipline = Linkage Innovation & Internationalization Environmental & Social Solutions Manufacturing Language = Synthesis and Integration Leadership and Globalization

40. The value of integration • Change [and creativity] comes, most of all, from that unvisited 'no-man's land,' that lies between the disciplines."– M.I.T. mathematician Norbert Wiener

41. What skills are needed for the integrative discipline? • Broad understanding of society • Communication • Leadership • Understanding of global communities • Creativity • Ethics

42. “The most important thing you learn in school is how to learn.” Brent Strong (and many others) Career Requirement:Challenging

43. Engineering, Innovation and Creativity "Engineers, perhaps because they tend to be orderly and conservative people, are more comfortable associating their profession with science than with the creative arts such as painting, musical composition and sculpture. But science, the search for truth in the physical world, does not create the laws of nature–it discovers them. Therefore, the engineer as creator has much more in common with the artist than with the scientist. Design is an art rather than a science because in most cases there is no one correct answer to a design problem…Of course, there is one extremely important difference between the engineer and the artist. The writer, painter, or film maker is not constrained by the realities of the physical world, as the engineer is. Thus, engineering design is the most difficult of all the creative arts." –T.F. Hanson (UCLA)

44. Study of Scientists • Grouping of scientists • Type 1: Implementers • Type 2: Innovators/Creators • Type 3: Slugs

45. Implementers • Skills in a particular field • Skills are taught in majors • Hired into jobs where they use these skills • The world moves forward with implementers • Implementers are focused • Example: My first job at DuPont was as an implementer

46. Innovators • Does not have a specific, well-defined task • Examples: new product development, leader • Requires innovation and creativity • Schools rarely teach creativity and innovation • Must learn these skills independently • Innovators are flexible • Example: My job at Hardie Irrigation was as an innovator

47. Study of Scientists • Results (What characteristic distinguished each group?) • Implementers: read strongly within their field • Innovators/creators: read widely and avidly • Slugs: rarely read at all

48. ImplementerversusInnovator • Use different sides of your brain • Implementer = left side (focused) • Innovator = right side (flexible)

49. Derived from Lateral Thinking by Edward de Bono, Harper and Row, 1970

50. Implementer How to keep your implementer side healthy and vigorous • Seek depth in your field and stay current • Understand better • Focus better