60 likes | 157 Views
Learn about the effects and evolution of physical punishment on children, including decreased moral internalization, increased aggression, and the risk of future abusive behaviors. Understand the prevalence of physical punishment and the societal attitudes towards it.
E N D
Physical punishment of children: effects and evolution Beth Wood
Undesirable behaviours and experiences (Gershoff 2002) • Decreased moral internalisation • Increased aggression • Increased child delinquent and antisocial behaviour • Increased adult aggression, increased adult and anti-social behaviour • Increased risk of abusing own child or spouse
Desirable behavior • Increased immediate compliance
How many children are smacked or hit? • 80% in retrospective study (Dunedin Multidisciplinary Study) • 51% of children 5 and under in last 3 months (MSD 2005) • 17% of adults had witnessed an adult hitting a child in their home (2007 AHS) • 10% of children had experience physical punishment in last four weeks (MOH 2007/07)
its alright for adults to use physical There are certain circumstances when it is alright for parents to use physical punishment with a child • 1981 (Ritchie) 92% men 86% women • 1993 (Maxwell) 87% • 2008 (OCC) 58%