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Fate of the sea ice cover Commerce and transportation Oil and gas recovery Fisheries

ICE AND OCEAN ACTIVITIES. Fate of the sea ice cover Commerce and transportation Oil and gas recovery Fisheries Human dimensions (e.g. safety at sea) Coastal erosion Changing ocean circulation system Impact on ecosystem Heat budget Freshwater budget Changing marine ecosystem Fisheries

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Fate of the sea ice cover Commerce and transportation Oil and gas recovery Fisheries

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  1. ICE AND OCEAN ACTIVITIES • Fate of the sea ice cover • Commerce and transportation • Oil and gas recovery • Fisheries • Human dimensions (e.g. safety at sea) • Coastal erosion • Changing ocean circulation system • Impact on ecosystem • Heat budget • Freshwater budget • Changing marine ecosystem • Fisheries • Productivity • Human dimension • Endangered and invasive species Drivers:

  2. SEA ICE COVER • Pretty good: NOAA satellite products used to determine ice extent and concentration • Qualifier: Need to develop new algorithms as modified and new instrumentation is developed • Calibration • Not so good: ice thickness

  3. SEA ICE THICKNESS Tools: Satellite-based instruments (e.g. lidar altimeter) Ideal for spatial coverage Early stages of a developing technology Submarines Point measurements: drifting buoys and moorings Well-advanced Near real time observations on state of system Good for validation and calibration of satellite-based instruments and models AUVs (air and ocean): early stages Seasonal IMB buoys: a dream Models Extend observations Use to optimize deployment strategy (identify regions vs grid) Available

  4. OCEAN • State of the ocean and its change • Approaches • Extension of ARGO concept observing system into the Arctic • Moorings • Sections • AUVs • Drifting buoys • Aircraft

  5. ECOSYSTEMArctic Ocean extending into Bering Sea • Enhanced observations network for Arcitc marine ecosystems • Coupled population dynamics and ecological models • Census of Arctic marine life (repeating) • Improved understanding of ice edge processes and their impact • Utilization of data collected by commercial vessels

  6. OBSERVING NETWORKJackie, Susan, Andrey, Taneil • Maintain and develop current activities • Long term investment • Transition from research to operational tool • Instrumentation: • Drifting buoys: • IABP: met (SAT, SLP), ice motion • Ice mass balance: monitor and attribute changes in ice thickness, ice motion • Ocean properties: changes in the temperature and salinity structure, ice motion • Bathymetry • Biological properties: state of the ecosystem • Mooring: • Ice thickness • Platform for other instruments • Tagging marine mammals and fish (behavior and environment)

  7. OTHER ACTIVITIES • Data assimilation in ice/ocean model (modeling) • Extreme storm events: identify obs needed for storm surge models • Fluxes in, out and within of the Arctic • Models used to unify themes and fill in gaps (modeling) • Surface energy balance drifting buoys (atmosphere)

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