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Fungi

Fungi. Diversity of Fungi Reproduction & Classification Ecological Roles and Disease. Diversity of Fungi. A. Characteristics B. Structure and Function C. Classification. “Click”. A. Structure and Function . Absorptive nutrition through hyphae (threadlike structures) a. enzymes

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Fungi

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  1. Fungi Diversity of Fungi Reproduction & Classification Ecological Rolesand Disease

  2. Diversity of Fungi A. Characteristics B. Structure and Function C. Classification “Click”

  3. A. Structure and Function • Absorptive nutrition through hyphae (threadlike structures) • a. enzymes • 2. Feeding structure-mycelium • 3. Cell wall made of chitin_ “Click” “Click”

  4. 4. Eukaryotic 5. Most are multicellular 6. Heterotrophic a. decomposers or parasites 7. Important recyclers_ morel mushroom

  5. B. Reproduction • Fruiting body produces spores: • a. Spores can be produced asexually or sexually • b. always produce haploid spores. • Classified by reproductive structure: • 1. Zygote Fungi (Zygomycota) • 2. Sac Fungi (Ascomycota) • 3. Club Fungi (Basidiomycota) • 4. Imperfect Fungi (Deuteromycota)_

  6. Reproduction & Classification A. Zygote Fungi B. Sac Fungi C. Club Fungi D. Imperfect Fungi “Click”

  7. A. Zygote Fungi 1. Live in soil and decaying plant and animals 2. Spores produced by sporangia which develops from a zygosporangium 3. Bread molds_ Pilobolus “Click”

  8. B. Sac Fungi 1. Live in marine, fresh water, and terrestrial habitats 2. Spores produced by sac-like structure called an ascus 3. Yeasts, morels, truffles_ eyelash cup fungus “Click”

  9. C. Club Fungi 1. Grow on dead trees or plant matter 2. Spores produced by club-like structure 3. Mushrooms, toadstools, rusts_ Angel of death “Click”

  10. D. Imperfect Fungi 1. No known sexual stage of reproduction 2. Yeasts a. inhabit liquids (plant sap and animal tissue) b. can reproduce by budding- a small part grows into a new organism c. baker’s yeast_ filamentous yeast yeast

  11. 3. Molds a. grow rapidly on surfaces b. penicillium produces antibiotics_ penicillium “Click”

  12. Ecological Roles and Disease A. Symbiotic Fungi B. Commercial Uses C. Chemical Cycling D. Diseases “Click”

  13. A. Symbiotic Fungi encrusting lichens 1. Form symbiotic relationships that can help others 2. Lichens (fungus/algae) a. fungus provides habitat b. algae or cyanobacteria provides food c. can live in environments that neither could live in alone_ branching lichen “Click”

  14. 3. Mycorrhizae (fungus/plant) a. fungal hyphae increase surface area b. plant roots provide sugars_

  15. B. Commercial Uses 1. Important food source a. mushrooms and truffles b. baking, brewing, and winemaking 2. Used to produce antibiotics_

  16. C. Chemical Cycling 1. Act as decomposers to break down dead organisms 2. Destroy 10-50% of world crops yearly_

  17. D. Diseases 1. Cause diseases a. Dutch elm disease & corn smuts in plants_ brown rot “Click” corn smut

  18. b. yeast, ringworm, & athlete’s foot in animals_ athlete’s foot “Click”

  19. Diversity of Fungi A. Characteristics B. Structure and Function C. Classification

  20. B. Structure and Function 1. Digest food outside of body and absorb through hyphae (threadlike structures) 2. Reproduce by spores 3. Cell wall made of chitin 4. Fruiting body produces spores_

  21. Reproduction & Classification A. Zygote Fungi B. Sac Fungi C. Club Fungi D. Imperfect Fungi

  22. A. Zygote Fungi 1. Live in soil and decaying plant and animals 2. Spores produced by sporangia which develops from a zygosporangium 3. Bread molds

  23. B. Sac Fungi 1. Live in marine, fresh water, and terrestrial habitats 2. Spores produced by sac-like structure called an ascus 3. Yeasts, morels, truffles

  24. C. Club Fungi 1. Grow on dead trees or plant matter 2. Spores produced by club-like structure 3. Mushrooms, toadstools, rusts

  25. 3. Molds a. grow rapidly on surfaces b. penicillium produces antibiotics Penicillium

  26. Ecological Roles and Disease A. Symbiotic Fungi B. Commercial Uses C. Chemical Cycling D. Diseases

  27. A. Symbiotic Fungi 1. Form symbiotic relationships that can help others 2. Lichens (fungus/algae) a. fungus provides habitat b. algae or cyanobacteria provides food c. can live in environments that neither could live in alone

  28. D. Diseases 1. Cause diseases a. Dutch elm disease & corn smuts in plants

  29. b. yeast, ringworm, & athlete’s foot in animals ringworm

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