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The Rise of The Roman Republic

The Rise of The Roman Republic. By: Kerry Giordano, Thurgood Marshall Fundamental Middle School. Etruscan Rule (616-509 BCE). 2 Classes: Patrician – Upper Class Plebians – Lower Class Patricians: Chose Etruscan Kings advisors, own land, military, religious officers Plebians :

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The Rise of The Roman Republic

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  1. The Rise of The Roman Republic By: Kerry Giordano, Thurgood Marshall Fundamental Middle School

  2. Etruscan Rule (616-509 BCE) • 2 Classes: Patrician – Upper Class Plebians – Lower Class • Patricians: • Chose Etruscan Kings advisors, own land, military, religious officers • Plebians: • Peasants, laborers, craftspeople, shopkeepers • 95% of Rome

  3. Roman Conquest of Italy (509-290 BCE) • Conflict between kings and aristocrats --legend of Lucretia • Wars of self-defense and open fighting style • Treatment of defeated Italians • Legend of Cincinnatus • Cultural unity on the peninsula

  4. Roman Conquest of Italy (cont) • Growth of the city of Rome • Evolution of Roman nobility • Conquest of the Greek colonies in southern Italy (275 BCE)

  5. Republican Government 2 Consuls (Rulers of Rome) Senate (Representative body for patricians) (300 elected to govern for life) Tribal Assembly (Representative body for plebeians) (little importance)

  6. The Struggle of the Orders (500-280 BCE) • Turmoil between patricians and plebeians • Privileges of patricians – change unwritten laws • Source of turmoil • Plebeian strategy of physical withdrawal – 25,000 – 40,000 leave city • Results in first written code of law—the Twelve Tables (451 BCE) • Other concessions to the plebeians • Struggle actually contributes to Roman unity and value of practical compromise

  7. The Twelve Tables, 451 BCE • Providing political and socialrights for the plebeians. • Laws must be written

  8. New Law of the Roman Republic • 200 year process to gain rights • Tribunes – 2-10 – elected from Plebs to speak to Senate/Consuls • Later – Plebs gain veto • 376 BCE – One Roman Consul must be a Pleb = they can be Senators

  9. The Assemblies • The place of Roman assemblies --contio • The significance of group voting • The Tribal Assembly • The Office of Tribune • Roman political system lacked an overall structure to consolidate it • Reverence for tradition: “The Way of the Elders”

  10. The Roman Forum

  11. The Course of Offices • Ranked according to prestige • The power of the Consul --imperium --auspicia • The importance and responsibilities of a Roman political career

  12. The Legacy of the Roman Republic • The spread of Greco-Roman culture • The Concept of Roman Law --Roman Civil Law --ius gentium: “the law of the peoples” • Stoic concept of ius naturale: universal, natural law being employed by the Romans • Roman law harmonized with the needs of a world empire and was discerned by reason

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