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Civil War

Civil War. Chapter 11. Anaconda Plan. 3 Part Union (Northern) Strategy to win Blockade Southern Ports Split the Confederacy in two at Mississippi Capture the Confederate capital at Richmond, VA. Fort Sumter: First shots of the Civil War fired at Charleston Harbor. South’s Plan. Bull Run.

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Civil War

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  1. Civil War Chapter 11

  2. Anaconda Plan • 3 Part Union (Northern) Strategy to win • Blockade Southern Ports • Split the Confederacy in two at Mississippi • Capture the Confederate capital at Richmond, VA

  3. Fort Sumter: First shots of the Civil War fired at Charleston Harbor

  4. South’s Plan

  5. Bull Run • First battle of the war • 25 miles outside Washington, DC. • Won by Confederate (SOUTH) General Stonewall Jackson • “Stood as a stone wall in battle”

  6. Soldier’s Life

  7. Field Hospital

  8. George McClellan • Led the Union Army • Made many fatal errors • Lincoln fired him after Antietam in 1863

  9. Ulysses S. Grant • Replaced McClellan • Led the Union forces throughout the remainder of the Civil War • Favored “Total War”

  10. Shiloh • Union Victory • Tennessee • Confederate troops surprised Union troops at dawn • Shiloh taught both sides to prepare, scout and dig trenches for protection Video available

  11. The War at Sea • Monitor: North’s Ironclad Ship • Splinter wooden ships, resist burning • Merrimack • 1862 engaged the Monitor: battle was a draw • End of wooden warships

  12. The Union Navy

  13. Robert E. Lee • Confederate Commander • Opposed to secession • Loyal to Virginia • Brilliant Leader

  14. Antietam • Bloodiest single day battle of Civil War • 26,000 casualties • Standoff, South retreated to Virginia

  15. Emancipation Proclamation • Pres. Lincoln freed slaves in the Confederacy • Did NOT apply to areas under Union control

  16. Writ of Habeas Corpus suspended 13,000 Confederate Sympathizers jailed Copperheads: Northerners who wanted peace with the South Many were jailed Women’s roles Life during the Civil war

  17. Life in the South

  18. Conscription • Drafting of civilians to serve in army • “Rich Man’s War” • Could pay for someone to replace you in army • Planters with 20 or more slaves did not have to serve

  19. Lincoln’s View on Slavery • Disliked slavery • Fed gov’t did not have the power to end slavery where it existed • MAIN OBJECTIVE SAVE THE UNION!! • Wanted free blacks to stay in the South because they would take northern jobs

  20. 10% of Union Army High death rate Slave resistance Sabotage Breaking plows Whites afraid of slave revolts 54th Massachusetts Battle Battery Wagner Fought with valor and courage 1st into battle African Americans

  21. SOUTH Lack of manpower Union occupation Loss of slaves NORTH Economic Growth Making weapons Manufacturing Income Tax: first tax needed to pay for the war Regions

  22. Clara Barton • Union Nurse • “Angel of the Battlefield” • Red Cross

  23. Andersonville • Worst Confederate Prison • 33,000 Union soldiers held in Georgia on 26 acres • No shelter, drank from stream that was also sewer • 1/3 died

  24. Gettysburg! • 1863: Lee invades the North • Fights the Army of the Potomac • TURNING POINT: South would never again invade the North

  25. Gettysburg Address • Cemetery Dedication: Lincoln’s most famous speech

  26. Chancellorsville • Lee out fought Union forces and the Union retreated • Stonewall Jackson shot by “friendly fire” • Died of pneumonia

  27. Sherman’s March • Total War • Union destroyed the South: Military and Civilians • Burned Atlanta • Marched North toward Richmond, VA

  28. Destruction in the South

  29. Vicksburg • TURNING POINT! • Grant outflanked city for 6 weeks • Cut off Confederate supplies

  30. Appomattox Court House • End of war: Richmond evacuated • Lee’s trapped army surrenders to Gen. Grant

  31. End of the War

  32. John Wilkes Booth • Kills Pres. Lincoln five days after the war ended • Ford’s Theater • Shot while fleeing Virginia • Lincoln: first president to be assassinated

  33. A Nation Mourns

  34. 13th Amendment • Freed the slaves and began Reconstruction

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