The Age of Ideas

1. The Age of Ideas Unit 5 Lesson 1

2. Vocab • Theory- an idea that is unproven • Geocentric- Earth-centered theory of the universe • Heliocentric- Sun-centered theory of the universe • Vaccine- way to build resistance to a disease • Enlightenment- period of learning or understanding

3. Galileo Galilei tested Aristotle’s theory concerning heavy objects • The 1700s were referred to as the Enlightenment because inventions were being made by people all over the world • Ed Jenner developed the smallpox vaccine after observing that some people infected with cowpox were immune to smallpox

4. Exploring the World • Unit 5 lesson 2

5. Vocab • Caravel- a ship that combined the wide body of a European ship with 3 sided sail of Arab boats • Circumnavigate- sail around • Northwest Passage- a water route across North America

6. Vasco da Gama was the first European to sail around African coast • Columbus sailed to the Americas 4 times

7. Europeans in the Americas • Unit 5 lesson 3

8. Vocab • Conquistador- conqueror • Immunity- resistance • Triangular Trade- three-part trade among Europe, Africa and the Americas • Middle Passage- the middle part of the journey that enslaved Africans made to the Americas

9. The Pope drew the line of Demarcation to make sure Spain could claim land in Americas • Cotton first came from Africa • Most enslaved Africans ended up in Latin America • Spanish government creates encomiendas which allows Spanish colonists to force Native Americans to work on their land

10. The First Revolutions • Unit 5 lesson 4

11. Vocab • Divine right- belief that God had chosen the king, who had the right to rule as he pleased • Boycott- refusal to buy goods until certain conditions are met • Bastille- royal prison in Paris

12. The magna Carta signed in 1215 was broken by Charles I • Three estates in French Kingdoms were church leaders, nobles and peasants • France helped the colonists defeat Great Britains

13. Independence Spreads • Unit 5 lesson 5

14. Vocab • Mestizo- people with mixed Spanish and Native American ancestors • Confederation- alliance of states that join together for a common purpose

15. The revolt led by Toussaint L’ Overture drove the French out of Hispaniola forever • Haitian troops won independence for Haiti in 1804 Canada had a peaceful revolution In Brazil Pedro II was able to expand its economy because he allowed slavery

16. Industrial Revolution • Unit 5 lesson 6

17. Vocab • Industrial Revolution- change in way goods were made in Europe • Factory- large building where workers gathered to manufacture products • Union- group of workers who unite to demand better working conditions • Strike- refusing to work until demands are met

18. Earliest factories in Great Britain depended on waterpower from rivers • The Steam Engine was invented by James Watt • The First step in England’s Industrial Revolution was improved farming methods • The growth of power was one of the greatest changes to come from the Industrial Revolution

19. The Age of imperialsim • Unit 5 lesson 7

20. Vocab • Imperialism- control of the economy and government of a region by another country • Nationalism- devotion to the interests of one’s nation • Spheres of influence- areas that Europeans controlled in China

21. The years between 1880 and 1914 is known as the age of imperialism • The Boxers thought that European bullets could not harm them