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PBN and APV Implementation in Australia

PBN and APV Implementation in Australia. ICAO Resolution A36-23, 36th Session, September 2007. ICAO has recommended the implementation of Performance-Based Navigation (PBN) Approaches with Vertical Guidance (APV) PBN Implementation Plans to be complete by September 2009

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PBN and APV Implementation in Australia

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  1. PBN and APV Implementation in Australia

  2. ICAO Resolution A36-23, 36th Session, September 2007 • ICAO has recommended the implementation of • Performance-Based Navigation (PBN) • Approaches with Vertical Guidance (APV) • PBN Implementation Plans to be complete by September 2009 • APV Implementation to be complete 30% by 2010, 70% by 2014 and 100% by 2016 • GNSS PNT is the key enabling technology for PBN and APV operations

  3. Current GNSS Applications for aviation operations include • RNAV (GNSS) • Over 530 approaches in Australia • Airfield as well as helipad approaches • LNAV only • RNP AR (Special) approach procedures • 16 aerodromes • LNAV/VNAV approach operations • Arrival and departure operations

  4. RNP AR (Special) Approach: Queenstown, New Zealand 20 16 March 2009

  5. Qantas 737-800 RNP-AR Approach into Queenstown New Zealand 21 16 March 2009

  6. PBN Capability – Australian IFR Fleet Analysis • The majority of aircraft operating in the upper airspace have an RNAV or RNP capability • The majority of aircraft operating in the lower airspace have an RNP capability which is • Provided by an IFR GPS navigator • Typically limited to RNP LNAV 0.3nm only • Could provide RNP LPV (LNAV and VNAV) with SBAS • Have the potential to enable ADS-B surveillance over continental Australia • By implementing PBN (RNAV and RNP) Australia will be able to provide increased safety and efficiency and reduce the environmental impact of aviation operations (CO2 emissions)

  7. APV Capability – Australian IFR Fleet Analysis • Australia's IFR fleet comprises some 3600 aircraft • 15% of which are APV capable using barometric vertical navigation (Baro-VNAV) • 85% of which are APV capable using augmented GNSS • By implementing APV using Baro-VNAV Australia will be able to provide APV protection to • 15% of the IFR fleet (hulls)…but • 97% of fare paying passengers • By implementing APV using Baro-VNAV and augmented GNSS Australia will be able to provide APV protection to • 99% of the IFR fleet (1% of fleet determined too old to retrofit)…and • 100% of fare paying passengers • GBAS and GRAS augmentation technologies were considered but not recommended to support APV operations in Australia

  8. Australia’s concept for implementation of PBN and APV is • Parallel availability of RNAV and RNP specifications • GNSS PNT is the key enabling technology for reduced separation standards • APV enabled through barometric vertical navigation • 200 aerodromes identified for APV Baro-VNAV operations • AWIS and 2 APV Baro-VNAV approach designs required for each aerodrome • ROE to meet ICAO Resolution • One AWS/AWIS upgrade/install every 2.7 weeks for 7 years • One APV Baro-VNAV approach plate designed and validated every 0.9 weeks for 7 years • GNSS PNT is the key enabling technology for lateral navigation

  9. Considerations for Future GNSS Applications • Australia cannot implement APV through GNSS augmentation without acquiring an SBAS • Acquisition of an SBAS will enable APV operations (via LPV) for an additional 85% of IFR aircraft enabling LPV for • Regional airline operators • Fly in Fly Out mining operations • SAR/EMS Helicopters • Offshore Helicopters

  10. SBAS Offshore Approach Procedure (SOAP) Lateral Profile Vertical Profile 19

  11. Summary • Australia’s plans for implementation of PBN and APV rely heavily on the GNSS • Australia cannot meet ICAO Resolution 36-23 for the implementation of APV without acquiring an SBAS • Without an SBAS Australia will be reliant on a dual frequency multi-constellation for full APV implementation circa 2022

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