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Water Cycle

Water Cycle. What is the water cycle?. This is how water circulates through our environment Water changes from water to gas over and over again to complete the water cycle. Evaporation. Water evaporates into the atmosphere from the ocean, lakes, etc. Evaporation = liquid  gas.

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Water Cycle

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  1. Water Cycle

  2. What is the water cycle? • This is how water circulates through our environment • Water changes from water to gas over and over again to complete the water cycle.

  3. Evaporation • Water evaporates into the atmosphere from the ocean, lakes, etc. • Evaporation = liquid gas

  4. Condensation • When water vapor particles join together to form a liquid and condense into clouds or dew. • Condensation = gas liquid

  5. Precipitation • Rain or snow that falls to the Earth

  6. Infiltration • The seeping in of water into soil or rocks through the cracks in the ground. • Eventually, this water goes back into the lakes and rivers.

  7. Runoff • Water that flows downslope on Earth’s surface and may enter a stream, river, or lake. • The rate of runoff is influenced by the angle of the slope, vegetation, rate of precipitation and soil composition. • Water that doesn’t go through infiltration, goes through runoff.

  8. Runoff

  9. Transpiration • When plants absorb the water and then release it back into the atmosphere through evaporation • Evaporation off of a plant

  10. Water Cycle

  11. Oceans—96.5% of water found here Fresh water—3.5% of water found here Fresh water distribution: Ice: 1.762% Groundwater: 1.7% Surface Fresh Water: 0.014% Atmosphere and soil: 0.002% The Structure of Hydrosphere

  12. Understanding Where Your Water Is Located—Oceans and Ice • What bodies of water hold the largest amount of water? • Oceans—the largest bodies of water on Earth (contain salt water only) • Features housing water as ICE • Icebergs: a large piece of freshwater ice floating in open waters. **approx. 85% of icebergs are under the surface of the water. • Glaciers: any large mass of ice that moves slowly over land formed by snow falling and compressing layer upon layer. • *permanent snow areas also “house” water as ice

  13. Fresh Water Locations—Surface Water • What is the difference between a watershed and a river basin? • Both terms describe land that drains into a river, stream or lake • River Basin: the term used to describe an area that drains into a large river • Watershed: the term used to describe an area that drains into a smaller river or stream

  14. Fresh Water Locations—River Basins and Watersheds • Larger river basins are made up of many interconnected watersheds • Example: Cape Fear and Neuse River Basins are made of many small watersheds • The water in a watershed runs to the lowest point—a river, stream, lake, or ocean

  15. Fresh Water Locations—Rivers, Streams, and Lakes • What is a river? • A large channel along which water is continually flowing down a slope—made of many streams that come together • What is a stream? • A small channel along which water is continually flowing down a slope—made of small gullies • What is a lake? • A body of water of considerable size contained on a body of land

  16. Fresh Water Locations--Groundwater • What is groundwater? • The water found in cracks and pores in sand, gravel and rocks below the earth’s surface • What is an aquifer? • A porous rock layer underground that is a reservoir for water

  17. What determines how far it goes? • Porosity: measure of a rock’s ability to hold a fluid. • Permeability: a measure of the ease of flow of a fluid through a porous solid

  18. Aquifers • porous rock layer which is capable of yielding useful supplies of water • layers of sand or fractured rock in which the pore spaces or fractures are filled with water

  19. Other Surface Waters • What is a wetland? • An area where the water table is at, near or above the land surface long enough during the year to support adapted plant growth • What are the types of wetlands? • Swamps, bogs, and marshes • Swamp: a wetland dominated by trees • Bogs: a wetland dominated by peat moss • Marshes: a wetland dominated by grasses

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