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Understanding First Aorist Indicative: Types and Implications

Learn about the various types of First Aorist indicative verbs in Greek, including Constative, Ingressive, and Culminative, and how they shape the "kind of action" expressed. Dive into the nuances of Aktionsart and how it influences verb stem meanings. Explore the interplay between tense ideas and stem meanings, discovering how the Aorist and Present tenses affect the perception of actions.

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Understanding First Aorist Indicative: Types and Implications

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  1. Lesson 36First Aorist

  2. First Aorist Act. Ind. Augment + Stem + s + Endings: &a &amen &aj &ate &e &an (First aor. act. inf. = Stem + s + &ai)

  3. First Aorist Mid. Ind. Augment + Stem + s + Endings: &a mhn &ameqa &w &asqe &ato &anto (First aor. mid. inf. = Stem + s + &asqai)

  4. Aktionsart • Aktionsart = “kind of action” (punctiliar; durative; etc.). • Apart from the tenses, there is a “kind of action” implied in verb stem itself (“blink the eye;” “live a life”). • Tenses impose their own “kind of action” on verb stem. • Aorist may impose punctiliar notion on durative stem. • Present may impose durative notion on punctiliar stem. • Combination of tense idea and verb-stem meaning results in three types of aorist: • Constative – unmodified point action. • Ingressive – point-action with stress on beginning. • Culminative – point-action with stress on conclusion.

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