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THE ABCs OF POWER CONDITIONING

THE ABCs OF POWER CONDITIONING. A Simplified Approach to Understanding Power Quality Problems and How to Solve Them. What is the origin of power quality problems?. Hildegard, switch off the mixer, my monitor is flickering!. Usually they have an earthly source.

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THE ABCs OF POWER CONDITIONING

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  1. THE ABCs OFPOWER CONDITIONING A Simplified Approach to Understanding Power Quality Problems and How to Solve Them.

  2. What is the origin of power quality problems?

  3. Hildegard, switch off the mixer, my monitor is flickering! Usually they have an earthly source

  4. And I don‘t mean this one . . . .

  5. Where Do Power Quality Problems Start? • Disturbances are generated external to a facility. • Disturbances are generated internal to a facility.

  6. The Four D’s of Power Disturbances • Destruction • High energy • Short duration • Visible evidence • Easy to establish cause and effect

  7. The Four D’s of Power Disturbances • Degradation • Low energy • Constant exposure • Cumulative damage • No visible evidence • Electronic rust

  8. The Four D’s of Power Disturbances • Disruption • Low energy • Interferes with operation of logic circuits • Lockups, reboots, program dumps • No trouble found system failures • Frustration

  9. The Four D’s of Power Disturbances • Dynamics • Noise that can be heard • Noise that can be seen • Noise that interferes with the enjoyment of the production, performance, or meeting

  10. How Do Power DisturbancesEnter an Electronic System?

  11. There are two pathways Normal Mode Phase (hot) to Neutral Should be <10 volts Common Mode Neutral to Ground Should be < ½ volt

  12. The Nature of Power Problems • 10% of problems are outages • 90% are noise, voltage surges, harmonics, etc. • It’s what you don’t see that can kill you 10% 90%

  13. What Devices Are Used To Solve Power Problems. Which Device Is The Appropriate One To Use?

  14. SIMPLE AS A-B-C

  15. The Voltage Surge

  16. Clamping Level GEAR A – The Surge Diverter

  17. Power Line Noise

  18. GEAR AC – The Surge Diverter & Filter

  19. Common Mode Voltage • Voltage measured neutral to ground • Voltage spikes • Conducted noise • Radiated noise • Unbalanced electrical distribution • Circuit loading

  20. GEAR B – Isolation Transformer

  21. Balanced Power Transformer H G N 60 volts 60 volts

  22. Voltage Sags and Swells • Short term (less than 1 minute) decrease or increase in line voltage • Variety of causes both internal and external • Most modern loads are relatively immune

  23. D – The Voltage Regulator • Variety of technologies • Ferroresonant (undesirable for modern gear) • Tap switching autoformer (better) • Tap switching isolation transformer (better yet) • Electronic regulator with isolated output (best bet)

  24. Power Outages • Complete loss of power for seconds to hours in duration • Usually the result of a power company failure although may have internal facility causes, too.

  25. E – The Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS) • Converts chemical energy stored in batteries to electrical energy to power the load • A variety of technologies (standby, line interactive, on line • Some are power conditioned some are not • BUYER BEWARE!

  26. Not All UPSs Are Alike

  27. If You Need a UPS • It should be sine wave inverter design • Inverter topology depends on the gear and application (standby or on line) • Must have an isolation transformer if you want it to also provide power conditioning

  28. An Integrated Approach • Using an integrated ABCs approach will • Prevent destruction, degradation, and disruption and safeguard dynamics • Protect from the full range of power quality problems that affect your systems • Improve system performance • Reduce operating and repair costs • Increase satisfaction

  29. Questions ?

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